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Definition 2024
衰
衰
Translingual
Han character
衰 (radical 145 衣+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜田一女 (YWMV), four-corner 00732)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 1112, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34127
- Dae Jaweon: page 1577, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3076, character 9
- Unihan data for U+8870
See also
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
衰 | |
|---|---|---|
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄞ
- Wade-Giles: shuai1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuai
- IPA (key): /ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: seoi1
- Yale: sēui
- Cantonese Pinyin: soey1
- IPA (key): /sɵy̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sôi
- Hakka Romanization System: soi´
- Hagfa Pinyim: soi1
- IPA: /so̯i²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soe
- Tâi-lô: sue
- Phofsit Daibuun: soef
- IPA (Xiamen): /sue⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sue³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /sue⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /sue⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sue⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 衰 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂuai⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/ʂuai⁴⁴/ /suai⁴⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin | /suai²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /ʂuɛ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʂuɛ²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʂuai²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /fai²¹/ | |
| Xining | /fɛ⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʂuɛ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /fɛ³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi |
/ʂuai⁴⁴/ /fai⁴⁴/ |
|
| Wuhan | /suai⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /suai⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /suai⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /ʂuæ⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʂuae³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /ʂue̞²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /suai¹¹/ |
| Pingyao |
/t͡sʰuæ¹³/ /suæ¹³/ |
|
| Hohhot | /suɛ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /se⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /se̞⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /se̞³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /sai³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /sɛ³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /so¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕyai³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /sai³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /soi⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /soi²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /søy⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /sui⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /søy⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /sue⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /søy⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /so⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /sue³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/suai²³/ /sɔi²³/ ～弱 /sue²³/ 倒霉 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 衰 | 衰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (14) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 楚危切 | 所追切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ʃʰˠiuᴇ/ | /ʃˠiuɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈ͡ʂʰʷᵚiɛ/ | /ʃʷᵚi/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ʃʰiuɛ/ | /ʃiuɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈ͡ʂʰjwiə̆/ | /ʂjwi/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ʃʰjue/ | /ʃjui/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ʃʰǐwe/ | /ʃwi/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʈ͡ʂʰwie̯/ | /ʂwi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chuāi | shuāi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 衰 | 衰 | 衰 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cuī | cuī | shuāi |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tshwoj › | ‹ tsrhjwe › | ‹ srwij › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[s.r̥]ˤruj/ | /*[tsʰ]roj/ | /*sruj/ |
| English | mourning clothes | reduce | diminish, decline |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 衰 | 衰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11926 | 11927 |
| Phonetic component |
衰 | 衰 |
| Rime group |
歌 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
衰 | 衰 |
| Old Chinese |
/*sʰrol/ | /*srul/ |
Definitions
衰
- to grow weak; to decrease in strength
- (Min Nan) to have poor luck
- (Cantonese) (of situations, people, etc) detestable
- (Cantonese) (of people) displeasing; disagreeable; awful
- 衰婆 [Cantonese] ― seoi1 po4 [Jyutping] ― bitch
Antonyms
- (Cantonese: disagreeable): 好 (hou2)
See also
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟ
- Wade-Giles: ts'ui1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuei
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ceoi1
- Yale: chēui
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey1
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰɵy̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 衰 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂuai⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/ʂuai⁴⁴/ /suai⁴⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin | /suai²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /ʂuɛ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʂuɛ²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʂuai²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /fai²¹/ | |
| Xining | /fɛ⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʂuɛ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /fɛ³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi |
/ʂuai⁴⁴/ /fai⁴⁴/ |
|
| Wuhan | /suai⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /suai⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /suai⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /ʂuæ⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʂuae³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /ʂue̞²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /suai¹¹/ |
| Pingyao |
/t͡sʰuæ¹³/ /suæ¹³/ |
|
| Hohhot | /suɛ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /se⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /se̞⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /se̞³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /sai³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /sɛ³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /so¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕyai³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /sai³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /soi⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /soi²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /søy⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /sui⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /søy⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /sue⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /søy⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /so⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /sue³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/suai²³/ /sɔi²³/ ～弱 /sue²³/ 倒霉 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 衰 | 衰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (14) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 楚危切 | 所追切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ʃʰˠiuᴇ/ | /ʃˠiuɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈ͡ʂʰʷᵚiɛ/ | /ʃʷᵚi/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ʃʰiuɛ/ | /ʃiuɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈ͡ʂʰjwiə̆/ | /ʂjwi/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ʃʰjue/ | /ʃjui/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ʃʰǐwe/ | /ʃwi/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʈ͡ʂʰwie̯/ | /ʂwi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chuāi | shuāi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 衰 | 衰 | 衰 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cuī | cuī | shuāi |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tshwoj › | ‹ tsrhjwe › | ‹ srwij › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[s.r̥]ˤruj/ | /*[tsʰ]roj/ | /*sruj/ |
| English | mourning clothes | reduce | diminish, decline |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 衰 | 衰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11926 | 11927 |
| Phonetic component |
衰 | 衰 |
| Rime group |
歌 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
衰 | 衰 |
| Old Chinese |
/*sʰrol/ | /*srul/ |
Definitions
衰
References
Japanese
Kanji
衰
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Readings
- Goon: せ (se), し (shi), すい (sui)
- Kan’on: さい, し (shi), すい (sui)
- On (unclassified): さ (sa)
- Kun: おとろえる (otoroeru)
Compounds
- 老衰 (rōsui)