Czech

Suffix

-is

1. Indicates a sharp of a note.
   • Měl zahrát gis, ale omylem zahrál ais.

Esperanto

Etymology

The Esperanto suffixes -as, -is, -os, -us are related, and appear to have been inspired by previous language projects:

This play of vowels is not an original idea of Zamenhof's: -as, -is, -os are found for the three tenses of the infinitive in Faiguet's system of 1765; -a, -i, -o without a consonant are used like Z's -as, -is, -os by Rudelle (1858); Courtonne in 1885 had -am, -im, -om in the same values, and the similarity with Esperanto is here even more perfect than in the other projects, as -um corresponds to Z's -us. —An International Language (1928)

The vowel of -is is likely cognate with the Latin perfect, as in amavit "s/he had loved", and the corresponding past infinitive amavisse.

Suffix

-is

1. ending of past tense in verbs, e.g. ami to love, ŝi amis she loved.

Finnish

Etymology

Probably Swedish influence; see Swedish entry, below.

Suffix

-is

1. (colloquial) -er; a suffix used to form nouns and proper nouns from place names, common nouns and adjectives; gives a familiar nuance to the original word; the original word is often truncated in the process.

   funktionalismi ‎(“functionalism”) -> funkis

   kova ‎(“hard, tough”) -> kovis ‎(“badass”)

   mestaruus ‎(“championship”) -> mestis ‎(“league of champions”)

   paha ‎(“bad”) -> pahis ‎(“bad guy”)

   Roihuvuori (a suburb of Helsinki) -> Roihis

French

Suffix

-is

1. Suffix forming the first-person singular present indicative of -ir verbs.
2. Suffix forming the second-person singular present indicative of -ir verbs.
3. Suffix forming the first-person singular past historic of -ir verbs.
4. Suffix forming the second-person singular past historic of -ir verbs.
5. Suffix forming the first-person singular past historic of -re verbs.
6. Suffix forming the second-person singular past historic of -re verbs.

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [iʃ]

Suffix

-is

1. Diminutive suffix.

   András ‎(“Andrew”) → Andris ‎(“Andy”)

See also

• -us
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Ido

Etymology

From Esperanto -is.

Suffix

-is

1. Used to denote the past tense of verbs.

Irish

Etymology

From the dative form of Old Irish -as ‎(“-ish”).

Suffix

-is f

1. -ish, -ese (used to form language names)

Derived terms

Latin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /is/, [ɪs]

Suffix

-is m, f ‎(neuter -e); third declension

1. suffixed to nouns in composition, forms adjectives

   bi- + annus + -is → biennis

   bi- + palmus + -is → bipalmis

   ē- + norma + -is → ēnormis

   in- + somnus + -is → insomnis

   pro- + clīvus + -is → proclīvis

   tri- + annus + -is → triennis

Declension

Third declension.

Derived terms

References

• “-is” on page 970/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Etymology 2

Declined forms of -us ‎(suffix forming adjectives).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /iːs/

Suffix

-īs

1. dative masculine plural of -us
2. dative feminine plural of -us
3. dative neuter plural of -us
4. ablative masculine plural of -us
5. ablative feminine plural of -us
6. ablative neuter plural of -us

Etymology 3

Declined forms of -a ‎(suffix forming masculine agent nouns).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /iːs/

Suffix

-īs m

1. dative plural of -a
2. ablative plural of -a

Swedish

Etymology

At least since the late 1880s. Originally from the Latin ending -is in words like basis "basis".

Pronunciation

• when combined the stress is always on the first syllable

Suffix

-is

1. (colloquial, particularly common in the Stockholm area) Suffix that gives a familiar, and to some extent a diminutive nuance, when combined with a word; common with both nouns and adjectives; commonly used for place names, institutions and persons in their professional role: Medis, frälsis, dagis, vaktis

   Är du sotis över att hon träffar sina killkompisar på krogen?

   Are you jealous that she's seeing her male friends at the pub?

   Hämta vaktisen. Någon hade just sönder en fönsterruta.

   Get the janitor. Someone just broke a window.

2. (colloquial) Similar to 1 in ad hoc combinations: pankis, sötis, snuskis; compare -ie.

   Kan vi äta pankisar med sylt och visgrädde idag?

   Can we eat pancakes with jam and whipped cream today?

   Du får inte hoppa över kontroller på orienteringen, din fuskis!

   You can't skip orienteering controls, you cheater ("cheatie")!

Usage notes

• Nouns ending in -is take either common (en) or neutral (ett) gender, often depending on the orginal word: ett daghem > ett dagis, en loppmarknad > en loppis, en vaktmästare > en vaktis.

Derived terms