Definify.com
Definition 2024
伯
伯
|
---|
Translingual
Han character
伯 (radical 9 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人竹日 (OHA), four-corner 26200, composition ⿰亻白)
Antonyms
References
- KangXi: page 96, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 466
- Dae Jaweon: page 204, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 136, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4F2F
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
伯 |
---|
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 伯 | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
怕 | *pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ |
帕 | *pʰraːɡs, *mbraːd |
粕 | *pʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
胉 | *pʰaːɡ |
泊 | *baːɡ |
箔 | *baːɡ |
魄 | *tʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
皕 | *prɯɡ |
伯 | *praːɡ |
百 | *praːɡ |
迫 | *praːɡ |
敀 | *praːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
柏 | *praːɡ |
湐 | *praːɡ |
拍 | *pʰraːɡ |
珀 | *pʰraːɡ |
皛 | *pʰraːɡ, *ɡeːwʔ |
洦 | *mpʰraːɡ, *mbraːɡ |
白 | *braːɡ |
帛 | *braːɡ |
舶 | *braːɡ |
鮊 | *braːɡ |
陌 | *mbraːɡ |
帞 | *mbraːɡ |
袹 | *mbraːɡ |
蛨 | *mbraːɡ |
貊 | *mbraːɡ |
佰 | *mbraːɡ |
銆 | *mbraːɡ |
碧 | *praɡ, *preɡ |
咟 | *ɦmreːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *praːɡ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
- Wade-Giles: po2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
- IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˇ
- Wade-Giles: pai3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bae
- IPA (key): /paɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: baa3, baak3
- Yale: ba, baak
- Cantonese Pinyin: baa3, baak8
- IPA (key): /pɑː³³/, /pɑːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peh / pek / pit / phek
- Tâi-lô: peh / pik / pit / phik
- Phofsit Daibuun: peq, peg, pid, pheg
- IPA (Xiamen): /peʔ³²/, /piɪk̚³²/, /pit̚³²/, /pʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /peʔ⁵/, /piɪk̚⁵/, /pit̚⁵/, /pʰiɪk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /peʔ³²/, /piɪk̚³²/, /pit̚³²/, /pʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /peʔ³²/, /piɪk̚³²/, /pit̚³²/, /pʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /peʔ³²/, /piɪk̚³²/, /pit̚³²/, /pʰiɪk̚³²/
- Note: peh - vernacular, pek, pit, phek - literary.
- (Hokkien)
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 伯 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
Final (韻) | 陌 (113) |
Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | II |
Fanqie | 博陌切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pˠæk̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/pᵚak̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/pak̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/paɨjk̚/ |
Li Rong |
/pɐk̚/ |
Wang Li |
/pɐk̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/pɐk̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
bo |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 伯 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
bó |
Middle Chinese |
‹ pæk › |
Old Chinese |
/*pˤrak/ |
English | father’s elder brother |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 伯 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 193 |
Phonetic component |
白 |
Rime group |
鐸 |
Rime subdivision |
0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
伯 |
Old Chinese |
/*praːɡ/ |
Noun
伯
- (archaic) eldest brother
- father's elder brother
- form of address for senior males
- count (rank)
- ⇒ 五等爵位
Usage notes
- In Old Chinese children of a same father are referred to in order as 伯 (1st), 仲 (2nd), 叔 (3rd) and 季 (4th). The usage of 仲 and 季 was later eliminated but 伯 and 叔 remained in use of referring to elder and younger male relatives. Besides, to use 伯仲叔季 in personal names was a common practice in the past, and this is still occasionally seen nowadays.
References
- (Min Nan) “Entry #2865”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Noun
Kanji
Readings
- Goon: ひゃく (hyaku) (non-Jōyō reading), へ (he) (non-Jōyō reading)
- Kan’on: はく (haku), は (ha)
- Kun: おさ (osa), はたがしら (hatagashira)
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
伯 • (baek, pae)
Eumhun:
- Name (hangeul): 맏, 우두머리, 큰아버지, 백작()
- (맏 백, mat-): eldest (elder) brother
- (우두머리 백, udumeori-): chief, chieftain, feudal rank count, earl (abolished in the late 14th century)
Synonyms
Compounds
See also
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.