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Definition 2024
培
培
Translingual
Han character
培 (radical 32 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土卜廿口 (GYTR), four-corner 40161, composition ⿰土咅)
References
- KangXi: page 231, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5195
- Dae Jaweon: page 468, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 457, character 2
- Unihan data for U+57F9
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
培 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (咅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 蓓 | *bɯːʔ, *bɯːʔ |
| 倍 | *bɯːʔ |
| 菩 | *bɯːʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː, *bɯːɡ |
| 掊 | *bruː, *poːʔ, *bɯ, *bɯ |
| 剖 | *pʰoːʔ, *pʰoʔ |
| 婄 | *pʰɯʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː |
| 踣 | *pʰɯs, *bɯːɡ |
| 箁 | *bɯ |
| 咅 | *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs |
| 部 | *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ |
| 培 | *boːʔ, *bɯː |
| 犃 | *boːʔ |
| 瓿 | *boːʔ, *bɯ, *bo |
| 殕 | *pɯʔ, *pʰoʔ, *qɯːɡ |
| 醅 | *pʰɯ, *pʰɯː |
| 棓 | *bɯ, *broːŋʔ, *bɯː |
| 涪 | *bɯ |
| 賠 | *bɯː |
| 陪 | *bɯː |
| 毰 | *bɯː |
| 焙 | *bɯːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *boːʔ, *bɯː) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄟˊ
- Wade-Giles: p'ei2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: peir
- IPA (key): /pʰeɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: bau6, pui4
- Yale: bauh, pùih
- Cantonese Pinyin: bau6, pui4
- IPA (key): /pɐu̯²²/, /pʰuːi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phì
- Hakka Romanization System: piˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pi2
- IPA: /pʰi¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 培 | 培 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 薄回切 | 蒲口切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/buʌi/ | /bəuX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/buoi/ | /bəuX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/buɒi/ | /bəuX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/bwəj/ | /bəwX/ |
| Li Rong |
/buᴀi/ | /buX/ |
| Wang Li |
/buɒi/ | /bəuX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/bʱuɑ̆i/ | /bʱə̯uX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
péi | bòu |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 培 | 培 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9848 | 9865 |
| Phonetic component |
咅 | 咅 |
| Rime group |
侯 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
部 | 裴 |
| Old Chinese |
/*boːʔ/ | /*bɯː/ |
Definitions
培
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