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Definition 2024

塔

塔

See also: 墖

Translingual

Han character

塔 (radical 32 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土廿人口 (GTOR), four-corner 44161, composition ⿰土荅)

References

  • KangXi: page 235, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5332
  • Dae Jaweon: page 473, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 460, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5854

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 塔

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
龕 *kʰuːm
媕 *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜 *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答 *tkuːb
畣 *tkuːb
荅 *tkuːb
嗒 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡 *tuːb, *toːb
撘 *tuːb
搭 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙 *tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮 *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤 *kuːb
鴿 *kuːb
合 *kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃 *kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌 *kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿 *kuːb
閤 *kuːb
鞈 *kuːb, *kruːb
韐 *kuːb, *kruːb
鮯 *kuːb
哈 *ŋɡuːb
姶 *quːb, *quːb
欱 *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒 *ɡuːb
耠 *ɡuːb
詥 *ɡuːb
塔 *tʰuːb
鞳 *tʰoːb
劄 *rtuːb
跲 *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷 *kruːb, *ŋkob
餄 *kruːb
恰 *kʰruːb
帢 *kʰruːb
洽 *ɡruːb
祫 *ɡruːb
珨 *ɡruːb
烚 *ɡruːb
歙 *qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁 *tkʰub
拾 *ɡjub
給 *krub
翕 *qʰrub
噏 *qʰrub
潝 *qʰrub
熻 *qʰrub
嬆 *qʰrub
翖 *qʰrub
闟 *qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰuːb) : semantic 土 + phonetic 荅 ‎(OC *tkuːb).

Etymology

Borrowing from Sanskrit स्तूप ‎(stūpa, “stupa”).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 塔
Mandarin Beijing /tʰa²¹⁴/
Harbin /tʰa²¹³/
Tianjin /tʰɑ¹³/
Jinan /tʰa²¹³/
Qingdao /tʰa⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /tʰa²⁴/
Xi'an /tʰa²¹/
Xining /tʰa⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰa¹³/
Lanzhou /tʰa¹³/
Ürümqi /tʰa²¹³/
Wuhan /tʰa²¹³/
Chengdu /tʰa³¹/
Guiyang /tʰa²¹/
Kunming /tʰa̠³¹/
Nanjing /tʰɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /tʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰaʔ²/
Pingyao /tʰʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /tʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /tʰaʔ⁵/
Suzhou /tʰaʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /tʰɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /tʰa²¹³/
Hui Shexian /tʰaʔ²¹/
Tunxi /tʰɔ⁵/
Xiang Changsha /tʰa²⁴/
Xiangtan /tʰɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /tʰaʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /tʰap̚¹/
Taoyuan /tʰɑp̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰap̚³/
Nanning /tʰap̚³³/
Hong Kong /tʰap̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tʰap̚³²/
/tʰaʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tʰɑʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tʰa²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /tʰaʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ha⁵⁵/
Rime
Character 塔
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 吐盍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰap̚/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑp̚/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ta
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 塔
Reading # 1/1
No. 4979
Phonetic
component		 合
Rime
group		 盍
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 榻
Old
Chinese		 /*tʰuːb/
Notes 巴利thupa

Definitions

塔

  1. tower; pagoda
  2. spire
  3. tall building

Compounds

  • 九層塔／九层塔 (jiǔcéngtǎ)
  • 保俶塔
  • 保叔塔
  • 倫敦鐵塔／伦敦铁塔
  • 冷水塔
  • 北塔山
  • 千佛塔
  • 半截塔
  • 名標雁塔／名标雁塔
  • 塔吉克
  • 塔吉克族
  • 塔吊
  • 塔塔爾／塔塔尔
  • 塔塔爾族／塔塔尔族
  • 塔墩
  • 塔布
  • 塔手綢／塔手绸
  • 塔斯社
  • 塔灰
  • 塔臺／塔台
  • 塔里木河
  • 塔非亞酒／塔非亚酒
  • 塔頭／塔头
  • 多寶塔／多宝塔
  • 大雁塔
  • 寶塔／宝塔 (bǎotǎ)
  • 寶塔糖／宝塔糖
  • 寶塔線／宝塔线
  • 寶塔菜／宝塔菜
  • 寶塔詩／宝塔诗 (bǎotǎshī)
  • 庫穆塔格／库穆塔格
  • 打塔墩
  • 托塔天王
  • 方尖塔
  • 東塔宗／东塔宗
  • 比薩斜塔／比萨斜塔 (Bǐsà Xiétǎ)
  • 水塔
  • 水晶塔
  • 炮塔
  • 燈塔／灯塔 (dēngtǎ)
  • 玄祕塔碑
  • 珍珠塔
  • 祭塔
  • 管制塔臺／管制塔台
  • 紀念塔／纪念塔
  • 納骨塔／纳骨塔
  • 聚沙成塔
  • 肯塔基州
  • 腦塔／脑塔
  • 舍利塔
  • 衣缽塔／衣钵塔
  • 西塔琴
  • 象牙塔 (xiàngyátǎ)
  • 赤塔
  • 跳傘塔／跳伞塔
  • 跳塔輪鍘／跳塔轮铡
  • 通天塔
  • 金字塔 (jīnzìtǎ)
  • 鋪塔／铺塔
  • 鐘塔／钟塔
  • 鐵塔／铁塔 (tiětǎ)
  • 雁塔
  • 雁塔題名／雁塔题名
  • 雷峰塔
  • 靈骨塔／灵骨塔
  • 青貯塔／青贮塔
  • 骨灰塔

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (塔):

Others:

Japanese

Kanji

塔

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 墖)

  1. pagoda, tower, steeple

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

塔 (tō): a pagoda.

/tapu/ > /taɸu/ > */tawu/ > /tau/ > /tɔː/ > /toː/

From Middle Chinese 塔 ‎(tɑp, “tower, pagoda, spire”).

An abbreviation for 卒塔婆 ‎(sotoba, sotōba), a transliteration of Sanskrit स्तूप ‎(stūpa, “heap”) .

Pronunciation

Noun

塔 ‎(hiragana とう, romaji tō, historical hiragana たふ)

  1. (in general) a tower
  2. (Buddhist) a pagoda, a stupa
  3. (Christian) a steeple, spire
  4. (of a castle or fortification) a turret
Derived terms
Idioms

Suffix

塔 ‎(hiragana とう, romaji -tō, historical hiragana たふ)

  1. (in general) a tower
  2. (Buddhist) a pagoda, a stupa
  3. (Christian) a steeple, spire
  4. (of a castle or fortification) a turret

Etymology 2

First appears in the Engishiki compilation of laws created in the early 900s, spelled phonetically in kanji as 阿良良伎 (araragi). Spelled as 蘭, araragi literally means “wild onion” and refers to the wild rocambole, possibly hardneck garlic, notable for its tall green stalk sticking straight up. Used as a euphemism for 塔[2][1] (tafu at the time), as that word's Buddhist connotations were viewed as taboo in contexts having to do with the religious center of Itsuki no Miya (斎宮, also known as Saikū).

Pronunciation

Noun

塔 ‎(hiragana あららぎ, romaji araragi)

  1. (obsolete, euphemistic) a tower
  2. (tarot) the tower, the sixteenth trump or major arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks
  3. abbreviation of 塔舞 ‎(Araragimai): the title of a piece of bugaku Japanese court dance
Derived terms
Related terms

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

塔 • ‎(tap) (hangeul 탑, McCune-Reischauer t'ap)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

塔 (tháp, thạp, thóp)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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