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Definition 2025

宋

宋

Translingual

Han character

宋 (radical 40 宀+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十木 (JD) or X十木 (XJD), four-corner 30904, composition ⿱宀木)

References

  • KangXi: page 282, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7078
  • Dae Jaweon: page 554, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 915, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5B8B

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 宋

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 宋
Mandarin Beijing /suŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /suŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /suŋ⁵³/
Jinan /suŋ²¹/
Qingdao /səŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /suŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /suŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /suə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /suŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /sũn¹³/
Ürümqi /suŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /soŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /soŋ¹³/
Guiyang /soŋ²¹³/
Kunming /soŋ¹/
Nanjing /soŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /səŋ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /suəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /suŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /sũŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /soŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /soŋ⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /soŋ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /soŋ⁴²/
Hui Shexian /sʌ̃³²⁴/
Tunxi /san⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /soŋ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /sən⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /suŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /suŋ⁵³/
Taoyuan /suŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /soŋ³³/
Nanning /ɬuŋ³³/
Hong Kong /suŋ³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sɔŋ²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /souŋ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /sɔŋ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /soŋ²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /soŋ³⁵/
/taŋ³⁵/
Rime
Character 宋
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 冬 (5)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇統切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /suoŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /suoŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /soŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /sawŋH/
Li
Rong		 /soŋH/
Wang
Li		 /suoŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /suoŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 sòng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宋
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 sòng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sowngH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]ˤuŋ-s/
English (place name)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宋
Reading # 1/1
No. 12061
Phonetic
component		 宋
Rime
group		 終
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 宋
Old
Chinese		 /*sluːŋs/
Notes 疑林省聲

Definitions

宋

  1. A former dynasty in China, reigning from the end of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms to the beginning of the Yuan
    宋朝 (Sòngcháo, “Song dynasty”)
  2. A former empire in China, occupying the eastern half of modern China
  3. The era of Chinese history during which the dynasty reigned
  4. A surname, listed 118th in the Baijiaxing
  5. A former duchy and kingdom in China, occupying an area southeast of the Yellow River during the Warring States period
  6. A Chinese constellation, considered a part of the Left Wall of the Heavenly Market Enclosure

Japanese

Kanji

宋

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

Proper noun

宋 ‎(hiragana そう, romaji Sō)

  1. Song (former Chinese dynasty)

Korean

Hanja

宋 • ‎(song) (hangeul 송, McCune-Reischauer song)

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Vietnamese

Han character

宋 (tống)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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