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Definition 2024


U+6728, 木
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6728

[U+6727]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6729]
See also: and

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 75 木+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 木 (D), four-corner 40900)

  1. Kangxi radical #75, (tree).

Derived characters

Related characters

See also

References

  • KangXi: page 509, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14415
  • Dae Jaweon: page 888, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1149, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6728

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*moːɡ
*moːɡ
*taːw, *moːɡ
*moːɡ
*moːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – a tree: branches on top, roots on the bottom (more visible in earlier forms).

Etymology

No known cognate exists. It can perhaps be compared with Proto-Karen *məŋᴮ (“trunk (of a tree); firewood”) (Starostin) or Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔmuk (“stump (of a tree)”) (Schuessler, 2007).

The common Sino-Tibetan root for “tree; wood” is *siŋ ~ sik, represented by (OC *siŋ, “firewood”).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /mu⁵¹/
Harbin /mu⁵³/
Tianjin /mu⁵³/
Jinan /mu²¹/
Qingdao /mu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /mu²⁴/
Xi'an /mu²¹/
Xining /mv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /mu¹³/
Lanzhou /mu¹³/
Ürümqi /mu²¹³/
Wuhan /mu²¹³/
/moŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /mu³¹/
/mu¹³/
Guiyang /mu²¹/
Kunming /mu³¹/
Nanjing /muʔ⁵/
Hefei /məʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /məʔ²/
Pingyao /mʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /mu⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /moʔ¹/
Suzhou /moʔ³/
Hangzhou /moʔ²/
Wenzhou /mu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /mɔ²²/
Tunxi /mo¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /mo²⁴/
Xiangtan /mo²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /muʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /muk̚¹/
Taoyuan /muk̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mok̚²/
Nanning /muk̚²²/
Hong Kong /muk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /bɔk̚⁵/
/bak̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /muʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /mu⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /bak̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /mok̚³/
/vak̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (3)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/muk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/muk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/muk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/məwk̚/
Li
Rong
/muk̚/
Wang
Li
/muk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/muk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ muwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.mˤok/
English tree, wood

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9327
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*moːɡ/

Definitions

  1. tree
    Synonyms: (shù)
    /    shù   tree
  2. wood; timber
    /    tou   log
  3. wooden
  4. simple; plain; slow; emotionless
    • /       plain spoken, slow and inarticulate
  5. coffin
    •    guān   coffin
    •    jiù   to die (to enter one's coffin)
  6. (Mandarin, neologism, slang) Eye dialect spelling of .
       yǒuyǒu   d'ya have…
  7. numb
          numb, insensitive

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

/ki2/: [kɨ], from [ki]

From Old Japanese. Likely developed from fusion of older form ko + (i, emphatic nominative particle), similar to the sound changes at work in in the shift from kamu to kami.

Now the modern Japanese word.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji ki)

  1. a tree; a shrub
  2. wood, timber, lumber
  3. (graph theory, computer science) a tree (data structure)
Idioms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Old Japanese. Possibly an intermediate form. Obsolete in modern Japanese, and never found in isolation; remains in certain place names. Even in ancient times, its use was apparently limited to eastern dialects.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji ke)

  1. a tree
    麻都能乃 奈美多流美礼波 伊波妣等乃 和例乎美於久流等 多々理之母己呂[3]
    松のの 並みたる見れば 家人の 我れを見送ると 立たりしもころ
    まつのの なみたるみれば いはびとの われをみおくると たたりしもころ
    Matsu no ke no / namitaru mireba / iwabito no / ware o miokuru to / tatari shi mokoro
    Looking at the pine trees all in a row, they were just like the people from the household standing to see me off

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

/ko2/: [kə], from [ko̞]

Old Japanese. Likely the original form. Obsolete in modern Japanese, and never found in isolation; only found in compounds and certain idioms.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji ko)

  1. a tree
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
もく
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (muwk). The goon reading, so likely the original borrowing. Compare modern Cantonese (muk6).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana もく, romaji moku)

  1. a tree
  2. short for 木曜日 (Mokuyōbi): Thursday
    When written in romaji, often capitalized as Moku.
  3. wood grain
    Often written .
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
ぼく
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese . The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare literary Min Nan (bo̍k).

Pronunciation

Adjective

(-na inflection, hiragana ぼく, romaji boku)

  1. (derogatory) wooden, as of a person's character or behavior
  2. (derogatory) wooden, as of a person's mental abilities: blockheaded, stupid, dimwitted

Noun

(hiragana ぼく, romaji boku)

  1. a tree; more specifically, a living tree
  2. the bent and gnarled trunk or roots of an old tree
  3. wood, lumber
  4. something made of wood
  5. in ancient China, a wooden musical instrument
Derived terms

References

  1. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  3. c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4375); text here

Korean

Hanja

(mok)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: mok, McCune-Reischauer: mok, Yale: mok)
  • Name (hangeul): 나무 (revised: namu, McCune-Reischauer: namu, Yale: namu)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  1. (나무 목, namu-): wood
  2. (as an abbreviation) Thursday

Vietnamese

Han character

(mộc, móc, mọc, mốc, mục)

  1. tree
  2. wood
  3. coffin
  4. numbness
  5. jackfruit: Mộc ba la 
  6. rose of Sharon: Mộc cẩn
  7. magnolia: Mộc lan
  8. papaya: Mộc qua
  9. the kudzu fruit: Mộc thự