Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

床 (radical 53 广+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈木 (ID) or X戈木 (XID), four-corner 0029₄, composition ⿸广木)

See also

• 麻 凩

References

• KangXi: page 343, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9242
• Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 873, character 20
• Unihan data for U+5E8A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation

Definitions

床

1. bed; couch   (Classifier: 張／张)
2. framework; chassis
3. (Teochew) table

Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: じょう (jō) (non-Jōyō reading), (historical) じやう (jau)
• Kan’on: そう (sō) (non-Jōyō reading), (historical) さう (sau)
• Kan’yōon: しょう (shō), (historical) しやう (shau)
• Kun: ゆか (yuka), とこ (toko), ゆか.しい (yuka.shii)

Compounds

Etymology 1

From Old Japanese. Attested in the 日本書紀 ‎(Nihon Shoki), completed in 720 and one of the earliest works written in Japanese (see Wikipedia:Nihon Shoki), with a meaning of bed.

According to the 和句解 (Wakuge), published in 1668 by early Edo-period scholar Matsunaga Teitoku (松永貞徳; see Wikipedia:ja:松永貞徳), derives from ゆか (yuka) as the 未然形 ‎(mizenkei, “irrealis form”) stem of the verb 行く ‎(yuku, “to go”) of an original meaning similar to "not going", in reference to a place where one sits down to rest.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) ゆか [yùká] (Heiban - [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [jɯᵝka̠]

Noun

床 ‎(hiragana ゆか, romaji yuka)

1. the floor (the bottom surface of a room)
2. a bed
3. (theater) a raised area of a stage where a presenter or musician sits
4. a raised platform erected along the Kamo River in Kyōto in summer, used as an outdoor tea shop or restaurant

Antonyms

• (floor): 天井 (てんじょう) ‎(tenjō): ceiling

Coordinate terms

• (floor): 壁 (かべ) ‎(kabe): wall

Etymology 2

From Old Japanese. Cognate with 所 ‎(tokoro, “place”). Attested since at least the Nara period, appearing in the 万葉集 ‎(Man'yōshū), completed in 759 (see Wikipedia:Man'yōshū).^[3]

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) とこ [tòkó] (Heiban - [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [to̞ko̞]

Noun

床 ‎(hiragana とこ, romaji toko)

1. a raised platform roughly 30cm tall used in dirt-floored rooms as a seat
2. a raised area on which to sleep: a bed
3. the floor
4. tatami mats
5. the seat of an oxcart
6. short for 床間 / 床の間 ‎(toko no ma): an alcove with a raised floor along one wall of a traditional Japanese living room
7. an alcove with a raised floor used as a study: see 付書院 ‎(tsuke shoin)
8. a box seat, such as at a parade, theater, or stadium
9. short for 床店 ‎(tokomise): a stall with a raised floor used as a store
10. short for 床屋 ‎(tokoya): a barbershop, from how such shops were historically often tokomise
11. short for 床船梁 ‎(toko funabari), 舵床 ‎(kajidoko): the large wooden beam at the very aft of a traditional wood-hulled Japanese ship, upon which the rudder is seated
12. the heel of a plough; the part of the bottom of a plough that touches the ground and guides the ploughshare
13. short for 苗床 ‎(naedoko): a seedbed
14. short for 鉄床, 金床 ‎(kanatoko): an anvil

Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 床 ‎(jrhiɑng).

Pronunciation

• Kan'yōyomi
• (Tokyo) しょ​う [shóꜜò] (Atamadaka - [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ː]

Alternative forms

• 牀

Counter

床 ‎(hiragana しょう, romaji -shō, historical hiragana しやう)

1. beds

References

1. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
2. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
3. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

床 • ‎(sang) (hangeul 상)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

床 (sàng, giàn, giường, sường, giàng, rương)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.