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Definition 2024
染
染
Translingual
Han character
染 (radical 75 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水弓木 (END), four-corner 34904, composition ⿱氿木)
See also
References
- KangXi: page 519, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14621
- Dae Jaweon: page 907, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1188, character 7
- Unihan data for U+67D3
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
染 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 氵 (“water”) + 九 (“hook”) + 木 (“tree”) – to hang (on a hook 九) from a tree (木) into water (氵), so as to dye.
Earlier forms more often graphically 氵 + 杂; water radical moved up.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄢˇ
- Wade-Giles: jan3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: raan
- IPA (key): /ʐa̠n²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jim5
- Yale: yíhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: jim5
- IPA (key): /jiːm¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 染 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐan²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ʐan²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin |
/ian¹³/ /ʐan¹³/ |
|
| Jinan | /ʐã⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao | /iã⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʐan⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /ʐã⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /ʐã⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʐan⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʐɛ̃n⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʐan⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /nan⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /zan⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /zan⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /ʐã̠⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʐaŋ²¹²/ | |
| Hefei |
/ʐæ̃²⁴/ /ʐən²⁴/ |
|
| Jin | Taiyuan | /zæ̃⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | /ʐɑŋ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ʐæ̃⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai |
/ȵi²³/ /zø²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ȵiɪ³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /zz̩ʷõ¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ȵi³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ne³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /ȵiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /yẽ⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /iẽ⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiɛn²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋiam⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /ŋiɑm⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jim²³/ |
| Nanning | /jim²⁴/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jim¹³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/liam⁵³/ /ni⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /nieŋ³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /niŋ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/ziam⁵³/ /nĩ⁵³/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/zam²¹³/ /ni²¹³/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 染 | 染 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (153) | 鹽 (153) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 而琰切 | 而豔切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵiᴇmX/ | /ȵiᴇmH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ȵiɛmX/ | /ȵiɛmH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑjæmX/ | /ȵʑjæmH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵiamX/ | /ȵiamH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȵiɛmX/ | /ȵiɛmH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȵʑĭɛmX/ | /ȵʑĭɛmH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑi̯ɛmX/ | /ȵʑi̯ɛmH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
rǎn | ràn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 染 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
rǎn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nyemX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.n[a]mʔ/ |
| English | to dye |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 染 | 染 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 10790 | 10791 |
| Phonetic component |
染 | 染 |
| Rime group |
談 | 談 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
冉 | 染 |
| Old Chinese |
/*njomʔ/ | /*njoms/ |
Definitions
染
- to dye
- be contagious
- to infect
Japanese
Kanji
染
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
染 • (yeom) (hangeul 염, revised yeom, McCune-Reischauer yŏm, Yale yem)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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