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Definition 2024


Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 126 而+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一月中中 (MBLL), four-corner 10227, composition ⿱⿱丿丨)

  1. Kangxi radical #126, (and).

References

  • KangXi: page 961, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28871
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1409, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2810, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+800C

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*nɯːs
*nɯːs, *njɯ
*njɯ
*njɯ, *njuɡ
*njɯ
*njɯ
*njɯ
*njɯ
*njɯ
*njɯ
*njɯ
*njɯ
*nɯɡ, *nuɡ

Pictogram (象形) – a beard. Original form of (OC *nɯːs, *njɯ) or (OC *njɯ).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /əɻ³⁵/
Harbin /ɚ²¹³/
Tianjin /əɻ⁴⁵/
Jinan /əɻ⁴²/
Qingdao /əɻ⁵⁵/
/ɭə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ɭ⁴²/
Xi'an /əɻ²¹/
Xining /ɛ²⁴/
Yinchuan /əɻ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɯ⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɚ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɯ²¹³/
Chengdu /əɻ³¹/
Guiyang /ɚ²¹/
Kunming /ə³¹/
Nanjing /əɻ²⁴/
Hefei /a⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /əɻ¹¹/
Pingyao /əɻ¹³/
Hohhot /aɻ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /əl²³/
Suzhou /əl¹³/
Hangzhou /əl²¹³/
Wenzhou /zz̩³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ə⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ə¹³/
Xiangtan /e¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɵ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /i¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /ji²¹/
Nanning /ji²¹/
Hong Kong /ji²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /li³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /i⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /œ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /zɯ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /lɛ²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (38)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵɨ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵɨ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵɨ/
Li
Rong
/ȵiə/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ér
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
ér
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyi ›
Old
Chinese
/*nə/
English and, but

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 2720
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*njɯ/

Definitions

  1. and
    偉大艱巨任務 [MSC, trad.]
    伟大艰巨任务 [MSC, simp.]
    wěidà ér jiānjù de rènwù [Pinyin]
    a great and arduous task
  2. and yet; but; nevertheless
    其實 / 其实   yǒu qí míng ér wú qíshí   in name but not in reality
  3. (from ...) to ...
  4. used between an adverbial element and a verb to indicate cause, purpose or manner

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

  • Goon: (ni)
  • Kan’on: (ji)
  • Kun: しこうして (shikōshite), しかして (shikashite), しかれども (shikaredomo)

Korean

Hanja

(i) (hangeul , revised i, McCune-Reischauer i, Yale i)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(nhi)

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