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Definition 2024

檻

檻

See also: 槛

Translingual

Han character

檻 (radical 75 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木尸戈廿 (DSIT) or 木尸一廿 (DSMT), four-corner 48917, composition ⿰木監)

References

  • KangXi: page 558, character 47
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15745
  • Dae Jaweon: page 948, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1307, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+6ABB

Chinese

trad. 檻
simp. 槛

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (監) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
藍 *ɡ·raːm
襤 *ɡ·raːm
籃 *ɡ·raːm
懢 *ɡ·raːm, *ɡ·raːms
儖 *ɡ·raːm
蘫 *ɡ·raːm, *qʰlaːms
攬 *ɡ·raːmʔ
欖 *ɡ·raːmʔ
覽 *ɡ·raːmʔ
爁 *ɡ·raːmʔ, *ɡ·raːms, *ɡ·rams
擥 *ɡ·raːmʔ
灠 *ɡ·raːmʔ
濫 *ɡ·raːms, *ɡraːmʔ
嚂 *ɡ·raːms, *kʰlaːms, *qʰlaːmʔ
纜 *ɡ·raːms
監 *kraːm, *kraːms
礛 *kraːm
鑑 *kraːm, *kraːms, *kraːms
艦 *ɡraːmʔ
檻 *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms
壏 *ɡraːmʔ
轞 *ɡraːmʔ
鹽 *ɡ·lam, *ɡ·lams

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms) : semantic 木 + phonetic 監 ‎(OC *kraːm, *kraːms).

Etymology

Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kram ‎(“fence, garden”). Cognate with Burmese ခြံ ‎(hkram, “fence; garden; to surround”). Also compare Tibetan ཁྲམ ‎(khram, “notched wood”) (> ཁྲམ་ཁ ‎(khram kha, “cut, notch [in wood]”), ཁྲམ་ཤིང ‎(khram shing, “tallystick”)).

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 檻
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 銜 (149)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 胡黤切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠamX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦᵚamX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣamX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦaɨmX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣamX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣamX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣamX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xiàn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 檻 檻 檻
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiàn jiàn jiàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hæmX › ‹ hæmX › ‹ hamX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˤramʔ/ /*[ɡ]ˤramʔ/ /*[ɡ]ˤamʔ/
English straight-jetted (water) railing; cage railing; cage

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 檻 檻
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6110 6114
Phonetic
component		 監 監
Rime
group		 談 談
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 檻 㽉
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡraːmʔ/ /*ɡraːms/
Notes 原文木在下，集韻注或書檻

Definitions

檻

  1. fence
  2. cage (for animal or prisoner)
  3. railing
  4. Alternative form of 艦 (“warship”).

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

檻

  1. doorsill
    門檻 / 门槛  ―  ménkǎn  ―  doorsill

Compounds

  • 圈檻／圈槛
  • 對了檻兒／对了槛儿
  • 攀庭檻／攀庭槛
  • 朱雲折檻／朱云折槛
  • 檻檻／槛槛
  • 檻猿籠鳥／槛猿笼鸟
  • 檻車／槛车 (jiànjū)
  • 窗檻／窗槛
  • 籠鳥檻猿／笼鸟槛猿
  • 老門檻／老门槛
  • 軒檻／轩槛
  • 鐵門檻／铁门槛
  • 門檻／门槛 (ménkǎn)
  • 門檻條款／门槛条款
  • 隔門檻兒／隔门槛儿

Japanese

Kanji

檻

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

檻 • ‎(ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune-Reischauer ham, Yale ham)

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Vietnamese

Han character

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