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Definition 2024
沈
沈
Translingual
Han character
沈 (radical 85 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水中月山 (ELBU), four-corner 34112, composition ⿰氵冘)
References
- KangXi: page 610, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17189
- Dae Jaweon: page 1002, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1572, character 7
- Unihan data for U+6C88
Chinese
Etymology 1
| For pronunciation and definitions of 沈 – see 瀋. (This character, 沈, is the simplified form of 瀋.) |
Notes:
|
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 沈 – see 沉. (This character, 沈, is a variant form of 沉.) |
Etymology 3
|
simp. and trad. |
沈 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˇ
- Wade-Giles: shên3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheen
- IPA (key): /ʂən²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: sam2
- Yale: sám
- Cantonese Pinyin: sam2
- IPA (key): /sɐm³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́m
- Hakka Romanization System: siim`
- Hagfa Pinyim: sim3
- IPA: /sɨm³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sím
- Tâi-lô: sím
- Phofsit Daibuun: siem
- IPA (Xiamen): /ɕim⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕim⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕim⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ɕim⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕim⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 沈 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式任切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɕiɪmX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɕimX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɕjemX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɕimX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɕiəmX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɕĭĕmX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɕi̯əmX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
shěn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 沈 |
| Reading # | 5/5 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
shěn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ syimX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[s.t][ə]mʔ/ |
| English | (name of a state) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 沈 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 15267 |
| Phonetic component |
冘 |
| Rime group |
侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
|
| Old Chinese |
/*hljumʔ/ |
| Notes | 周國名，荏由任校改同集韻 |
Definitions
沈
Compounds
|
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
沈
Readings
Korean
Hanja
沈 • (chim, sim) (hangeul 침, 심, revised chim, im, McCune-Reischauer ch'im, sim, Yale chim, sim)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
Han character
- Hán Việt: đắm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Etymology
| Historical forms of the character 沈
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (冘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 冘 | *lu, *lum |
| 抌 | *lu, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *loʔ |
| 狖 | *lus |
| 貁 | *lus |
| 耽 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 眈 | *ʔl'uːm, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *l'uːm |
| 酖 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 妉 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 黕 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 衴 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 瓭 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 馾 | *ʔl'uːms |
| 髧 | *l'uːmʔ |
| 紞 | *ʔl'oːmʔ |
| 鈂 | *zlum, *l'um |
| 沈 | *l'um, *l'ums, *hljumʔ |
| 沉 | *l'um |
| 枕 | *l'um, *ʔljumʔ, *ʔljums |
| 莐 | *l'um |
| 霃 | *l'um |
| 鴆 | *l'ums |
| 訦 | *ɦljum, *ɦljumʔ |
| 忱 | *ɦljum |
| 邥 | *hljumʔ |
| 魫 | *hljumʔ |
沈, meaning "to sink", is pronounced shen. 沈 is also a simplification of 瀋, meaning "juice" or "liquid".