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Definition 2024

滅

滅

See also: 灭

Translingual

Han character

滅 (radical 85 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水戈竹火 (EIHF), four-corner 33150)

  1. extinguish
  2. die
  3. wipe out, eradicate, being eradicated

References

  • KangXi: page 642, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18008
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1049, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1696, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+6EC5

Chinese

trad. 滅
simp. 灭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 滅
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (戌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
滅 *med
搣 *med
烕 *hmed
戌 *smid
珬 *smid
銊 *smid

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *med) : semantic 氵 ‎(“water”) + phonetic 烕 ‎(OC *hmed) – to destroy with water (extinguish, flood). 烕 also has sense of “destroy, extinguish”, hence further connotations of these.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 滅
Mandarin Beijing /miɛ⁵¹/
Harbin /miɛ⁵³/
Tianjin /nie⁵³/
/mie⁵³/
Jinan /miə²¹/
Qingdao /miə⁴²/
/niə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /miɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /miɛ²¹/
Xining /mɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /nie¹³/
/mie¹³/
Lanzhou /miə¹³/
Ürümqi /miɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /mie²¹³/
Chengdu /mie³¹/
Guiyang /mie²¹/
Kunming /miɛ³¹/
Nanjing /mieʔ⁵/
Hefei /miɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /miəʔ²/
Pingyao /miʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /miaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /miɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /miəʔ³/
Hangzhou /miəʔ²/
Wenzhou /mi²¹³/
Hui Shexian /me²²/
Tunxi /miɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /mie²⁴/
Xiangtan /mie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /miɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /met̚⁵/
Taoyuan /met̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mit̚²/
Nanning /mit̚²²/
Hong Kong /mit̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /biat̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /mieʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /miɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /mik̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /mit̚³/
Rime
Character 滅
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 薛 (81)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 亡列切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /miᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /miɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /mjæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /miat̚/
Li
Rong		 /miɛt̚/
Wang
Li		 /mĭɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mi̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 miè
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 滅
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 miè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ mjiet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[m]et/
English destroy

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 滅
Reading # 1/1
No. 13942
Phonetic
component		 戌
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 滅
Old
Chinese		 /*med/
Notes 烕轉註

Definitions

滅

  1. to extinguish
  2. to turn off (light, lamp, etc.)
  3. to die
  4. to wipe out, to eradicate, being eradicated

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

滅

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. destroy
  2. fall; collapse; be destroyed
  3. die; perish; disappear

Readings

Compounds

References

Korean

Hanja

滅 • ‎(myeol) (hangeul 멸, revised myeol, McCune-Reischauer myŏl, Yale myel)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

滅 (diệt, dột, riết)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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