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Definition 2024
狐
狐
Translingual
Han character
狐 (radical 94 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹竹女人 (KHHVO), four-corner 42230, composition ⿰犭瓜)
- species of fox
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 708, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20333
- Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1340, character 14
- Unihan data for U+72D0
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
狐 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (瓜) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 瓜 | *kʷraː |
| 坬 | *kʷraːs |
| 窊 | *qʷraː, *qʷraːs |
| 畖 | *qʷraː |
| 搲 | *qʷraːs |
| 攨 | *qʷraːs |
| 孤 | *kʷaː |
| 苽 | *kʷaː |
| 胍 | *kʷaː |
| 泒 | *kʷaː |
| 呱 | *kʷaː |
| 觚 | *kʷaː |
| 柧 | *kʷaː |
| 罛 | *kʷaː |
| 軱 | *kʷaː |
| 菰 | *kʷaː |
| 箛 | *kʷaː |
| 狐 | *ɡʷaː |
| 弧 | *ɡʷlaː |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡʷaː) : semantic 犭 (“dog”) + phonetic 瓜 (OC *kʷraː).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wu4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fù
- Jin (Wiktionary): hu1
- Min Dong (BUC): hù
- Min Nan (POJ): hô͘
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhu (T3)
- Xiang (Wiktionary): fu2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ
- Wade-Giles: hu2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu
- IPA (key): /xu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: wu4
- Yale: wùh
- Cantonese Pinyin: wu4
- IPA (key): /wuː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù
- Hakka Romanization System: fuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fu2
- IPA: /fu¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hù
- IPA (key): /hu⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘
- Tâi-lô: hôo
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoo
- IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /hɔ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhu (T3)
- IPA (key): /ɦv̩ʷ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Xiang
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 狐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 戸吳切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦuo/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦuo/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣo/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦɔ/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣo/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣuo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hú |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 狐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
hú |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hu › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɡ]ʷˤa/ |
| English | fox |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 狐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4358 |
| Phonetic component |
瓜 |
| Rime group |
魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
胡 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡʷaː/ |
Noun
狐
Derived terms
Derived terms from 狐
Japanese
Kanji
狐
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 狐 |
|
きつね Hyōgaiji |
| kun'yomi |
Various theories. The most likely is based on the root form kitsu, which may have originally been onomatopoeic for the sound of a fox's cry.[1] The final ne syllable appeared for certain by the Heian period,[2] but the meaning of the ne portion remains unclear.
Pronunciation
Noun
狐 (hiragana きつね, katakana キツネ, romaji kitsune)
- a fox
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki
- 狐狼 上扈反, 倭言岐都禰, 又狐諼獸鬼所乘有三徳, 狐疑不定也, 狼音良, 訓, 似犬也, 倭言大神也
- 1994 July 16, Nijiko Kiyokawa as Oroku, 平成狸合戦ぽんぽこ [Heisei Raccoon Dog War Ponpoko] (in Japanese), written by Isao Takahata, Toho:
- 程度の低いものは「擬態」と呼ばれ、カメレオンなんぞにもできるが、「化け学」はオラたち以外では、キツネと一部のネコしか身につけておらん‼
- Teido no hikui mono wa “gitai” to yobare, kamereon nanzo ni mo dekiru ga, “bakegaku” wa ora-tachi igai de wa, kitsune to ichibu no neko shika mi ni tsuketeoran‼
- Those lesser kinds like chameleons can make use of "mimicry", but beside us, only foxes and a few cats can master "metamorphism"‼
- 程度の低いものは「擬態」と呼ばれ、カメレオンなんぞにもできるが、「化け学」はオラたち以外では、キツネと一部のネコしか身につけておらん‼
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana in biological contexts, as キツネ.
Synonyms
- フォックス (fokkusu)
Derived terms
Derived terms
|
References
- ↑ 1937: Daigenkai (in Japanese). Reissued in 1984. ISBN 4-572-00062-X
- ↑ 1998: 『怪異・きつね百物語』 (Yōkai: Kitsune Hyaku Monogatari, “Phantoms: 100 Fox Tales”; in Japanese). Yoshihiko Sasama. ISBN 4-639-01544-5
- ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
- Takeuchi, Rizō (1962) Nara Ibun: Volume 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō Shuppan, ISBN 978-4-490-30010-9.
Korean
Hanja
狐 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune-Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Okinawan
Kanji
狐 (hiragana ちちに, romaji chichini)
Etymology
/*kit͡sune/ → /t͡ɕit͡sini/ → /t͡ɕit͡ɕini/
Cognate with mainland Japanese 狐 (kitsune).
Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ちつィに (chitsini).[1] The phonemes /t͡si/ and /t͡ɕi/ converged in Okinawan during the 20th century.
Noun
狐 (hiragana ちちに, romaji chichini, historical hiragana ちつィに)
References
- ↑ 1896: 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”). In Japanese. http://kindai.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992016/30
Vietnamese
Han character
狐 (hồ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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