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Definition 2024

竽

竽

Translingual

Han character

竽 (radical 118 竹+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹一木 (HMD), four-corner 88401)

  1. an ancient free reed mouth organ consisting of bamboo pipes fixed in a wind chest; it was similar to the sheng but generally larger
  2. a kind of musical instrument with 36 reeds

References

  • KangXi: page 877, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25851
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1306, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 2948, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+7AFD

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 竽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (于) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
侉 *qaːls
夸 *kʰʷraː
姱 *kʰʷraː
胯 *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
跨 *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
誇 *kʰʷraː
垮 *kʰʷraːʔ
銙 *kʰʷraːʔ
骻 *kʰʷraːʔ
咵 *kʰʷraːʔ
釫 *ɢʷraː, *qʷaː
摦 *ɡʷraːs
鮬 *pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː
嶀 *qʰʷl'aː
扝 *kʰʷaː, *qʷaː
刳 *kʰʷaː
郀 *kʰʷaː
挎 *kʰʷaː
袴 *kʰʷaːs
絝 *kʰʷaːs
褲 *kʰʷaːs
恗 *qʰaː
洿 *ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː
瓠 *ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs
鄠 *ɢʷlaːʔ
污 *qʷaː, *qʷaːs
杇 *qʷaː
圬 *qʷaː
鴮 *qʷaː
盓 *qʷaː
汙 *qʷaːs, *ɢʷa
樗 *qʰʷl'a
摴 *qʰʷl'a
荂 *pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa
雩 *qʰʷla, *ɢʷla
吁 *qʰʷa, *ɢʷas
盱 *qʰʷa
訏 *qʰʷa
扜 *qʰʷa, *qʷa
旴 *qʰʷa
冔 *qʰʷaʔ
紆 *qʷa
陓 *qʷa
迂 *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa
虶 *qʷa
于 *ɢʷa
盂 *ɢʷa
竽 *ɢʷa
邘 *ɢʷa
玗 *ɢʷa
芋 *ɢʷa, *ɢʷas
杅 *ɢʷa
釪 *ɢʷa
骬 *ɢʷa
謣 *ɢʷla
宇 *ɢʷaʔ

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 竽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 羽俱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɨo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦio/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦuə̆/
Li
Rong		 /ɣio/
Wang
Li		 /ɣĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yú
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 竽
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hju ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a/
English reed organ

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 竽
Reading # 1/1
No. 15709
Phonetic
component		 于
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 于
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷa/

Definitions

竽

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

  • 盜竽／盗竽
  • 竽律

Japanese

Kanji

竽

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 竽 ‎(*hju). Compare modern Mandarin 竽 ‎(yú).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

竽 ‎(hiragana う, romaji u)

  1. a woodwind instrument introduced to Japan from China during the Nara period, similar to a 笙 ‎(shō, “a kind of free-reed woodwind instrument”), but larger and one octave lower in pitch
    This instrument fell out of use for 雅楽 ‎(gagaku, “court music”) in the mid-Heian period, and was later reconstructed after World War II based in part on artifacts at the Shōsōin.

Idioms

  • 竽 (う)を好 (この)むに瑟 (しつ)を鼓 (こ)す ‎(u o konomu ni shitsu o kosu): “to play a bass koto to someone who likes the u” → to do something that doesn't suit a person's tastes or preferences

References

  1. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

竽 • ‎(u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune-Reischauer u, Yale wu)

  1. flute
  2. chief

Vietnamese

Han character

竽 (vu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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