Definify.com
Definition 2025
藥
藥
Translingual
| Traditional | 藥 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 薬 |
| Simplified | 药 |
Han character
藥 (radical 140 艸+15, 21 strokes, cangjie input 廿女戈木 (TVID), four-corner 44904, composition ⿱艹樂)
References
- KangXi: page 1065, character 47
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32341
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3320, character 11
- Unihan data for U+85E5
Chinese
| trad. | 藥 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 药 | |
| alt. forms |
葯 薬 𤂼 𣛙 |
|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (樂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 樂 | *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ |
| 轢 | *raːd, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 濼 | *pqʰlaːwɢ, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ, *pqʰloːwɢ, *roːwɢ, *roːwɢ |
| 躒 | *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 擽 | *rawɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 爍 | *qʰljawɢ |
| 鑠 | *qʰljawɢ |
| 藥 | *lawɢ |
| 櫟 | *lawɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 纅 | *lawɢ |
| 礫 | *reːwɢ |
| 瓅 | *reːwɢ |
| 皪 | *reːwɢ |
| 觻 | *reːwɢ, *roːwɢ |
| 嚛 | *qʰloːwɢ, *qʰloːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *lawɢ) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): joek6, ngok6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yo̍k
- Min Dong (BUC): iŏh
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhiaq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
- Wade-Giles: yao4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
- IPA (key): /i̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋㄦ
- Wade-Giles: yaorh4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaull
- IPA (key): /jaʊɻʷ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: joek6, ngok6
- Yale: yeuhk, ngohk
- Cantonese Pinyin: joek9, ngok9
- IPA (key): /jœːk̚²/, /ŋɔːk̚²/
- Note: ngok6 - surname.
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yo̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: iog
- Hagfa Pinyim: yog6
- IPA: /i̯ok̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yo̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iog
- Hagfa Pinyim: yog6
- IPA: /(j)i̯ok̚⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: iŏh
- IPA (key): /yoʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
- Tâi-lô: io̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: iok
- IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /iɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
- Tâi-lô: ia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: iak
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /iak̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍h
- Tâi-lô: io̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: ioih
- IPA (Quanzhou): /iɤʔ²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /ioʔ⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤʔ⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /iɤʔ⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɤʔ¹²¹/
- Note: io̍k/ia̍k - literary; io̍h - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: iêh8 / ioh8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ie̍h / io̍h
- IPA (key): /ieʔ⁴/, /ioʔ⁴/
- Note: iêh8 - Chaozhou; ioh8 - Shantou.
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhiaq (T5)
- IPA (key): /ɦiᴀʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 藥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以灼切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/jɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/jiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/iɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/jɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/iak̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/jĭak̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/i̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yuè |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 藥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yào |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ yak › |
| Old Chinese |
/*m-r[e]wk/ |
| English | medicinal plant |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 藥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7680 |
| Phonetic component |
樂 |
| Rime group |
藥 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
藥 |
| Old Chinese |
/*lawɢ/ |
Definitions
藥
- medicine; drug; pharmaceutical
- substance used for a particular purpose (e.g. poisoning, fermenting, explosion)
- Short for 芍藥/芍药 (sháoyào).
- to treat; to cure
- to poison
- A surname.
See also
Compounds
Derived terms from 藥
|
|
|
Korean
Hanja
藥 • (yak) (hangeul 약, revised yak, McCune-Reischauer yak, Yale yak)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.