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Definition 2024
骨
骨
Translingual
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| Stroke order (alternative) | |||
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Alternative forms
Han character
骨 (radical 188 骨+0, in Chinese 9 strokes, in Japanese 10 strokes, cangjie input 月月月 (BBB), four-corner 77227)
- Kangxi radical #188, ⾻ (“bone”).
Usage notes
The top section of the character turns left (◱) in PRC and Singapore, while it turns right (◲) elsewhere.
Derived terms
References
- KangXi: page 1447, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45098
- Dae Jaweon: page 1973, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4406, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9AA8
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
骨 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 骨
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (骨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 顝 | *kʰuːl, *kʰuːlʔ, *kʰuːd |
| 滑 | *ɡruːd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd |
| 猾 | *ɡruːd |
| 磆 | *ɡruːd |
| 螖 | *ɡruːd |
| 鶻 | *ɡruːd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd |
| 嗗 | *qruːd |
| 骨 | *kuːd |
| 縎 | *kuːd |
| 愲 | *kuːd |
| 蓇 | *kuːd |
| 尳 | *kuːd, *ɡuːd |
| 榾 | *kuːd |
| 搰 | *ɡuːd |
| 核 | *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 冎 (“skull”) + ⺼ (“body”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwat1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kut
- Min Dong (BUC): gáuk
- Min Nan (POJ): kut
- Wu (Wiktionary): kueq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
- Wade-Giles: ku3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
- IPA (key): /ku²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˊ
- Wade-Giles: ku2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gwu
- IPA (key): /ku³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ
- Wade-Giles: ku1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu
- IPA (key): /ku⁵⁵/
- Note: gǔ - usual pronunciation; gú - used in some colloquial words, such as 骨頭 (“bone”) and 骨碌 (“to roll”); gū - used in some colloquial words, such as 骨朵兒 (“unbloomed flower”).
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gwat1
- Yale: gwāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwat7
- IPA (key): /kʷɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kut
- Hakka Romanization System: gud`
- Hagfa Pinyim: gud5
- IPA: /kut̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gáuk
- IPA (key): /kɔuʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kut
- Tâi-lô: kut
- Phofsit Daibuun: kud
- IPA (Xiamen): /kut̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kut̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kut̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kut̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kut̚³²/
-
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: kueq (T4)
- IPA (key): /kɯə̯ʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 骨 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing |
/ku²¹⁴/ /ku³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /ku²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin |
/ku¹³/ ～折 /ku²¹/ ～頭 |
|
| Jinan | /ku²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ku⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ku²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /ku²¹/ | |
| Xining | /kv̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ku¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ku¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ku²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ku²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /ku³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /ku²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ku³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /kuʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /kuəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kuəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /kuʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /kuəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /kuəʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /kuəʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /kuoʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ky²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /kuʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /ku⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ku²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /ku²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kuɨʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kut̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /kut̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kwɐt̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /kɛɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kwɐt̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /kut/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kɔuʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ko²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /****̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /kut̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 骨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 沒 (56) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古忽切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kuət̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kuot̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kuət̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kwət̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/kuət̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/kuət̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kuət̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
gu |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 骨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
gǔ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kwot › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kˤut/ |
| English | bone |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 骨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4321 |
| Phonetic component |
骨 |
| Rime group |
物 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
骨 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kuːd/ |
| Notes | 冎亦聲 |
Definitions
骨
Compounds
Derived terms from 骨
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Japanese
Kanji
骨
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
References
|
- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Etymology 1
骨 (hone): a bone.
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 骨 |
|
ほね Grade: 6 |
| kun'yomi |
/pone/ → /ɸone/ → /hone/
From Old Japanese. Possibly cognate with Korean 뼈 (ppyeo, “bone”).
Pronunciation
Noun
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 骨 |
|
かわら Grade: 6 |
| kun'yomi |
/kapara/ → /kaɸara/ → /kawara/
Probably from Sanskrit कपालः (kapāla, “cup, bowl, skull”). Cognate with 瓦 (kawara, “tile, particularly for roofing or flooring”).[2]
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
骨 (hiragana かわら, romaji kawara, historical hiragana かはら)
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 骨 |
|
こつ Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 骨 (kwot, “bone”).
Pronunciation
- On'yomi: Kan'on
- (Tokyo) こつ [kòtsú] (Heiban - [0])[1][3](remains, ashes)
- (Tokyo) こつ [kòtsúꜜ] (Odaka - [2])[1][3](knack)
- IPA(key): [ko̞t͡sɯᵝ]
Noun
骨 (hiragana こつ, romaji kotsu)
References
- 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
骨 • (gol) (hangeul 골, revised gol, McCune-Reischauer kol, Yale kol)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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