Definify.com

Webster 1913 Edition

Summer

Sum′mer

,
Noun.
[From
Sum
,
Verb.
]
One who sums; one who casts up an account.

Sum′mer

,
Noun.
[F.
sommier
a rafter, the same word as
sommier
a beast of burden. See
Sumpter
.]
(Arch.)
A large stone or beam placed horizontally on columns, piers, posts, or the like, serving for various uses. Specifically:
(a)
The lintel of a door or window.
(b)
The commencement of a cross vault.
(c)
A central floor timber, as a girder, or a piece reaching from a wall to a girder. Called also
summertree
.

Sum′mer

,
Noun.
[OE.
sumer
,
somer
, AS.
sumor
,
sumer
; akin to OFries.
sumur
, D.
zomer
, OS.
sumar
, G.
sommer
, OHG. & Icel.
sumar
, Dan.
sommer
, Sw.
sommar
, W.
haf
, Zend
hama
, Skr.
samā
year. √292.]
The season of the year in which the sun shines most directly upon any region; the warmest period of the year.
☞ North of the equator summer is popularly taken to include the months of June, July, and August. Astronomically it may be considered, in the northern hemisphere, to begin with the summer solstice, about June 21st, and to end with the autumnal equinox, about September 22d.
Indian summer
,
in North America, a period of warm weather late in autumn, usually characterized by a clear sky, and by a hazy or smoky appearance of the atmosphere, especially near the horizon. The name is derived probably from the custom of the Indians of using this time in preparation for winter by laying in stores of food.
–
Saint Martin’s summer
.
See under
Saint
.
–
Summer bird
(Zool.)
,
the wryneck.
[Prov. Eng.]
–
Summer colt
,
the undulating state of the air near the surface of the ground when heated.
[Eng.]
–
Summer complaint
(Med.)
,
a popular term for any diarrheal disorder occurring in summer, especially when produced by heat and indigestion.
–
Summer coot
(Zool.)
,
the American gallinule.
[Local, U.S.]
–
Summer cypress
(Bot.)
,
an annual plant (
Kochia Scoparia
) of the Goosefoot family. It has narrow, ciliate, crowded leaves, and is sometimes seen in gardens.
–
Summer duck
.
(Zool.)
(a)
The wood duck.
(b)
The garganey, or summer teal. See Illust. of
Wood duck
, under
Wood
.
–
Summer fallow
,
land uncropped and plowed, etc., during the summer, in order to pulverize the soil and kill the weeds.
–
Summer rash
(Med.)
,
prickly heat. See under
Prickly
.
–
Summer sheldrake
(Zool.)
,
the hooded merganser.
[Local, U.S.]
–
Summer snipe
.
(Zool.)
(a)
The dunlin.
(b)
The common European sandpiper.
(c)
The green sandpiper.
–
Summer tanager
(Zool.)
,
a singing bird (
Piranga rubra
) native of the Middle and Southern United States. The male is deep red, the female is yellowish olive above and yellow beneath. Called also
summer redbird
.
–
Summer teal
(Zool.)
, the blue-winged teal.
[Local, U.S.]
–
Summer wheat
,
wheat that is sown in the spring, and matures during the summer following. See
Spring wheat
.
–
Summer yellowbird
.
(Zool.)
See
Yellowbird
.

Sum′mer

,
Verb.
I.
[
imp. & p. p.
Summered
;
p. pr. & vb. n.
Summering
.]
To pass the summer; to spend the warm season;
as, to
summer
in Switzerland
.
The fowls shall
summer
upon them.
Isa. xviii. 6.

Sum′mer

,
Verb.
T.
To keep or carry through the summer; to feed during the summer;
as, to
summer
stock
.

Webster 1828 Edition

Summer

SUM'MER

,
Noun.
One who casts up an account.

SUM'MER

,
Noun.
With us, the season of the year comprehended in the months June, July and August; during which time, the sun being north of the equator, shines more directly upon this part of the earth, which, together with the increased length of the days, renders this the hottest period of the year. In latitudes south of the equator, just the opposite takes place, or it is summer there when it is winter here.
The entire year is also sometimes divided into summer and winter, the former signifying the warmer and the latter the colder part of the year.

SUM'MER

,
Verb.
I.
To pass the summer or warm season.
The fowls shall summer upon them. Is.18.

SUM'MER

,
Verb.
T.
To keep warm. [Little used.]

SUM'MER

, n.
1.
A large stone, the first that is laid over columns and pilasters, beginning to make a cross vault; or a stone laid over a column, and hollowed to receive the first haunce of a platband.
2.
A large timber supported on two stone piers or posts, serving as a lintel to a door or window, &c.
3.
A large timber or beam laid as a central floor timber, inserted into the girders, and receiving the ends of the joists and supporting them. This timber is seen in old buildings in America and in France. In America, it is wholly laid aside. It is called in England summer-tree.

Definition 2024

Summer

Summer

See also: summer

English

Proper noun

Summer

  1. A female given name of modern usage, for a girl born in summer.

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Old High German sumar, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz. Cognate with German Sommer, English summer, Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, Icelandic sumar.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈzumɐ/

Noun

Summer m ‎(plural Summeren)

  1. summer

See also

summer

summer

See also: Summer

English

Alternative forms

Noun

summer ‎(countable and uncountable, plural summers)

Summer in Germany
  1. One of four seasons, traditionally the second, marked by the longest and typically hottest days of the year due to the inclination of the Earth and thermal lag. Typically regarded as being from June 21 to September 22 or 23 in parts of the USA, the months of June, July and August in the United Kingdom and the months of December, January and February in the Southern Hemisphere.
    the heat of summer‎
    • a1420, The British Museum Additional MS, 12,056, “Wounds complicated by the Dislocation of a Bone”, in Robert von Fleischhacker, editor, Lanfranc's "Science of cirurgie.", London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co, translation of original by Lanfranc of Milan, published 1894, ISBN 1163911380, page 63:
      Ne take noon hede to brynge togidere þe parties of þe boon þat is to-broken or dislocate, til viij. daies ben goon in þe wyntir, & v. in þe somer; for þanne it schal make quytture, and be sikir from swellynge; & þanne brynge togidere þe brynkis eiþer þe disiuncture after þe techynge þat schal be seid in þe chapitle of algebra.
    • 1893, Walter Besant, The Ivory Gate, chapter II:
      At twilight in the summer there is never anybody to fear—man, woman, or cat—in the chambers and at that hour the mice come out. They do not eat parchment or foolscap or red tape, but they eat the luncheon crumbs.
    • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
      A chap named Eleazir Kendrick and I had chummed in together the summer afore and built a fish-weir and shanty at Setuckit Point, down Orham way. For a spell we done pretty well.
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 5, in The China Governess:
      A waiter brought his aperitif, which was a small scotch and soda, and as he sipped it gratefully he sighed. ‘Civilized,’ he said to Mr. Campion. ‘Humanizing.’ […] ‘Cigars and summer days and women in big hats with swansdown face-powder, that's what it reminds me of.’
Usage notes
  • Note that season names are usually spelled in all lowercase letters in English. This is contrast to the days of the week and months of the year, which are always spelled with a capitalized first letter, for example Thursday or September.
Antonyms
Derived terms
Translations

Verb

summer ‎(third-person singular simple present summers, present participle summering, simple past and past participle summered)

  1. (intransitive) To spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday.
    We like to summer in the Mediterranean.
Derived terms
Translations

See also

Seasons in English · seasons (layout · text)
spring summer fall, autumn winter

Etymology 2

From Anglo-Norman summer, sumer, from Vulgar Latin saumārius, for Latin sagmārius, from sagma ‎(“sum”).

Noun

summer ‎(plural summers)

  1. (obsolete) A pack-horse.
  2. A horizontal beam supporting a building.
Synonyms
  • (horizontal beam): summer-tree
Translations
Derived terms

Etymology 3

sum +‎ -er

Noun

summer ‎(plural summers)

  1. A person who sums. (Compare adder.)
Derived terms
  • summer-up

Statistics

Most common English words before 1923: leaves · chair · date · #854: summer · simply · terrible · Tom

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

summer m

  1. indefinite plural of sum

Old French

Alternative forms

Noun

summer m ‎(oblique plural summers, nominative singular summers, nominative plural summer)

  1. summer (pack horse)
  2. summer (beam)

Descendants

  • summer ‎(“pack horse; horizontal beam”)

References

Etymology

From Middle English somer, sumer, from Old English sumor ‎(“summer”), from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz ‎(“summer”), from Proto-Indo-European *sam-, *sem-, *sm̥-h₂-ó- ‎(“summer, year”). Cognate with Scots somer, sumer, simer ‎(“summer”), West Frisian simmer ‎(“summer”), Saterland Frisian Suumer ‎(“summer”), Dutch zomer ‎(“summer”), Low German Sommer ‎(“summer”), German Sommer ‎(“summer”), Swedish sommar ‎(“summer”), Icelandic sumar ‎(“summer”), Welsh haf ‎(“summer”), Armenian ամ ‎(am, “year”), ամառ ‎(amaṙ, “summer”), Sanskrit समा ‎(samā, “a half-year, season, weather, year”).

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)/
  • Rhymes: -ʌmə(ɹ)
  • (US) enPR: sŭmʹər, IPA(key): /ˈsʌmɚ/

Similar Results