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Definition 2024

刃

刃

刃 U+5203, 刃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5203
← 刂
[U+5202] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刄 →
[U+5204]
See also: 刄

Translingual

Shinjitai 刃
Simplified 刃
Traditional 刃

Alternative forms

Note the compositional differences between traditional, simplified, and Japanese shinjitai in the placement of the additional stroke.

Han character

刃 (radical 18 刀+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹戈 (SHI), four-corner 17420, composition ⿹刀丿)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 136, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1850
  • Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 320, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5203

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 刃

Etymology

Historical forms of the character 刃
Oracle bone script Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (刃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涊 *nɯːnʔ, *njɯnʔ
紉 *nɯn
忍 *njɯnʔ
荵 *njɯnʔ
刃 *njɯns
認 *njɯns, *njɯŋs
仞 *njɯns
軔 *njɯns
韌 *njɯns
肕 *njɯns
牣 *njɯns
杒 *njɯns
訒 *njɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 刀 ‎(“knife”) + 丶.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 而振切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵinH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑjenH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵinH/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiĕnH/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭĕnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rèn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rèn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyinH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nə[n]-s/
English edge of a blade

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
No. 10831
Phonetic
component		 刃
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 刃
Old
Chinese		 /*njɯns/

Definitions

刃

  1. blade; knife edge
  2. sword; knife
  3. † to kill with a sword or knife

Compounds

  • 交光飛刃／交光飞刃
  • 兵不血刃
  • 兵刃
  • 兵無血刃／兵无血刃
  • 刀刃 (dāorèn)
  • 刃兒／刃儿
  • 刃角
  • 利刃
  • 剚刃
  • 劍刃／剑刃
  • 合刃
  • 嬋娟刃／婵娟刃
  • 延頸待刃／延颈待刃
  • 張弓拔刃／张弓拔刃
  • 手刃
  • 推刃
  • 游刃有餘／游刃有余
  • 白刃 (báirèn)
  • 白刃戰／白刃战
  • 目牛游刃
  • 芒刃
  • 芙蓉刃
  • 血刃
  • 袖刃
  • 赴火蹈刃
  • 軍不血刃／军不血刃
  • 迎刃而解
  • 遊刃有餘／游刃有余 (yóurènyǒuyú)
  • 鋒刃／锋刃
  • 開刃／开刃
  • 餘刃／余刃

Japanese

Kanji

刃

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
刃
な
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.[1][2] Possibly cognate with Korean 날 ‎(nal, “blade”).

Obsolete in modern Japanese. Only found as an element in compounds.

Pronunciation

Noun

刃 ‎(hiragana な, romaji na)

  1. (obsolete) a blade, an edge
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 616)
      劔大刀 名惜雲 吾者無 君尓不相而 年之経去礼者
      剣太刀 (つるぎたち)名 (な)の惜 (を)しけくも我 (わ)れはなし君 (きみ)に逢 (あ)はずて年 (とし)の経 (へ)ぬれば
      tsurugitachi na no woshikeku mo ware wa nashi kimi ni ahazute toshi no henureba
      I do not even miss precious you, given the years that have passed without meeting with you.
      [Note: tsurugi tachi (“sword”) is a pillow word establishing a poetic association with the following na, literally meaning blade or edge and alluding to sharpness and importance. This na could also elliptically mean name (名 na) or even you (汝 na), depending on context, based on the homophonic readings.]
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
刃
は
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, cognate with 歯 ‎(ha, “tooth”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

刃 ‎(hiragana は, romaji ha)

  1. an edge, a blade
Derived terms
  • 刃 (yaiba): a sword, a blade, particularly one that has been forged: see below

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
刃
やいば
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Originally a compound of 焼き ‎(yaki, “burned, fired”) +‎ 刃 ‎(ha, “edge, blade”).[1][2]The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

/jaki/ + /ha/ → /jakiba/ → /jaiba/

Pronunciation

Noun

刃 ‎(hiragana やいば, romaji yaiba)

  1. a forged blade, such as a sword
  2. the wavy pattern formed in the metal on the surface of a forged blade
  3. a sword or similar edged weapon
  4. something sharp like a sword
  5. someone or something powerful
Idioms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
刃
じん
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 刃 ‎(nyinH, “edge of a blade”).

Pronunciation

Noun

刃 ‎(hiragana じん, romaji jin)

  1. a blade, a sword
Idioms

References

  1. 1 2 3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  • Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 978-4-00-240001-3, published 1999.

Korean

Hanja

刃 • ‎(in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune-Reischauer in)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

刃 (nhẫn, nhấn, nhận)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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