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Definition 2024
底
底
See also: 厎
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
底 (radical 53 广+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹心一 (IHPM) or 戈竹女戈 (IHVI), four-corner 00242, composition ⿸广氐)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 344, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9262
- Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 878, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5E95
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
底 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (氐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 低 | *tiːl |
| 氐 | *tiːl, *til |
| 袛 | *tiːl |
| 羝 | *tiːl |
| 眡 | *tiːl, *djilʔ |
| 岻 | *tiːl, *dil |
| 奃 | *tiːl |
| 趆 | *tiːl, *tiːls |
| 柢 | *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls |
| 邸 | *tiːlʔ |
| 底 | *tiːlʔ |
| 詆 | *tiːlʔ, *diːl |
| 坻 | *tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil |
| 抵 | *tiːlʔ |
| 牴 | *tiːlʔ |
| 觝 | *tiːlʔ |
| 弤 | *tiːlʔ |
| 軧 | *tiːlʔ |
| 骶 | *tiːls |
| 砥 | *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils |
| 胝 | *til |
| 疷 | *til |
| 秪 | *til |
| 泜 | *dil |
| 蚳 | *dil |
| 彽 | *dil |
| 阺 | *dil |
| 貾 | *dil |
| 祗 | *tjil |
| 厎 | *tjilʔ, *tjɯʔ |
| 茋 | *tjilʔ |
| 鴟 | *tʰjil |
| 汦 | *kjeʔ, *tjil |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tiːlʔ) : semantic 广 (“building”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til) – the bottom or base, foundation of a building. Note that 氐 is a figure bowing or stooping, hence connotation of “down”.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): dai2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tái / tí
- Min Dong (BUC): dā̤ / dī
- Min Nan (POJ): té / tóe / tér / teré / tí
- Wu (Wiktionary): ti (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˇ
- Wade-Giles: tih3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dii
- IPA (key): /ti²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˇㄦ
- Wade-Giles: tirh3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dieel
- IPA (key): /tiəɻ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: dai2
- Yale: dái
- Cantonese Pinyin: dai2
- IPA (key): /tɐi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tái / tí
- Hakka Romanization System: dai` / di`
- Hagfa Pinyim: dai3 / di3
- IPA: /ta̯i³¹/, /ti³¹/
- Note: tái - vernacular; tí - literary.
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dā̤ / dī
- IPA (key): /tɛ³³/, /ti³³/
- Note: dā̤ - vernacular; dī - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: té
- Tâi-lô: té
- Phofsit Daibuun: dea
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /te⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /te⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tóe
- Tâi-lô: tué
- Phofsit Daibuun: doea
- IPA (Xiamen): /tue⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tue⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /tue⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tér
- Tâi-lô: tér
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tə⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teré
- Tâi-lô: teré
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tí
- Tâi-lô: tí
- Phofsit Daibuun: die
- IPA (Xiamen): /ti⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ti⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ti⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ti⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ti⁴¹/
- Note: té, tóe, tér, teré - vernacular (tér - rare in Quanzhou); tí - literary.
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ti (T2)
- IPA (key): /ti³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 底 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ti²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ti²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ti¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /ti⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao | /ti⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /t͡sz̩⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ti⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ti⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /ti⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ti⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /ti²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡sz̩⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ti⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ti³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /ti⁵¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ti⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /tei³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ti³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /te³¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ti⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /ti⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ti²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /tai³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /tɑi³¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tɐi³⁵/ |
| Nanning | /tɐi²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /tɐi³⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/te⁵³/ /tue⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tɛ³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /tai²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /toi⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/ʔdi²¹³/ /ʔdɔi²¹³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 底 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 都禮切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/teiX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/teiX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/tɛiX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/tɛjX/ |
| Li Rong |
/teiX/ |
| Wang Li |
/tieiX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/tieiX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
dǐ |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 底 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
dǐ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tejX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tˤijʔ/ |
| English | bottom; stop, obstruct |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 底 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2244 |
| Phonetic component |
氐 |
| Rime group |
脂 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
邸 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tiːlʔ/ |
Definitions
底
- bottom; underneath; underside
- ground; background
- ins and outs; actual situation
- master copy
- end (of a year or month)
- remnants; remains; leftovers
- (Min Nan) inside
- (mathematics) base (of triangle, logarithm, etc.)
Compounds
Derived terms from 底
|
|
|
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄜ˙
- Wade-Giles: tê5
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .de
- IPA (key): /d̥ə/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
Definitions
底
- †possessive particle, equivalent to modern Mandarin 的 (de)
Pronunciation 3
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: diē / dē̤
- IPA (key): /tie³³/, /tœ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tī
- Tâi-lô: tī
- Phofsit Daibuun: di
- IPA (Xiamen): /ti²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ti²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /ti³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ti³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǐ
- Tâi-lô: tǐ
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ti²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: di7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tī
- IPA (key): /ti¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
Definitions
底
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
底
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 底 |
|
そこ Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
- the bottom
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 底 |
|
てい Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 底 (tejX).
Pronunciation
Noun
References
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3