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Definition 2024

潛

潛

See also: 潜 and 濳

Translingual

Han character

潛 (radical 85 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水一山日 (EMUA), four-corner 34161)

References

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 652, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18240
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1059, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1740, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6F5B

Chinese

trad. 潛
simp. 潜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 潛
Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (兓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
簪 *ʔsɯːm, *ʔsrɯm
撍 *ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːmʔ, *ʔsluːms, *ʔsrum
鐕 *ʔsluːm
憯 *sʰluːmʔ, *sʰlɯːmʔ
噆 *sʰluːmʔ, *ʔsluːb
朁 *sʰlɯːmʔ, *zlam
蠶 *zluːm
蚕 *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ
糣 *sluːmʔ
熸 *ʔslom
鬵 *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm
灊 *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm
潛 *zlom, *zloms
僭 *ʔslɯːms
兓 *sl'ɯm
嶜 *zlum
兂 *ʔsrɯm
譖 *ʔsrums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zlom, *zloms) : semantic 水 + phonetic 朁 ‎(OC *sʰlɯːmʔ, *zlam).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 潛 潛
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 鹽 (153) 鹽 (153)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 昨鹽切 慈豔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ziᴇm/ /d͡ziᴇmH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ziɛm/ /d͡ziɛmH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zjæm/ /d͡zjæmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ziam/ /d͡ziamH/
Li
Rong		 /d͡ziɛm/ /d͡ziɛmH/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zĭɛm/ /d͡zĭɛmH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱi̯ɛm/ /d͡zʱi̯ɛmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qián jiàn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 潛 潛 潛
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qián qián qián
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzjem › ‹ dzjem › ‹ dzjemH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[dz][o]m/ /*[dz][o]m/ /*[dz][o]m-s/
English go under water 驩潛 Khwārazm (region in Central Asia, W. Hàn) to hide; secretly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 潛 潛
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6709 6710
Phonetic
component		 兓 兓
Rime
group		 談 談
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 潛 潛
Old
Chinese		 /*zlom/ /*zloms/

Definitions

潛

  1. to go under water; to move under water
  2. to hide; to conceal
  3. to live in seclusion
  4. to make a concentrated effort
  5. hidden; secret
  6. latent
  7. secretly; stealthily
  8. A surname​.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

潛

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

  • On: せん (sen)
  • Kun: ひそむ (hisomu), もぐる (moguru)

Korean

Hanja

潛 • ‎(jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune-Reischauer cham, Yale cam)

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Vietnamese

Han character

潛 (tiềm, tèm, tỉm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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