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Definition 2025
謙
謙
See also: 谦
Translingual
Han character
謙 (radical 149 言+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜口廿X金 (YRTXC), four-corner 08637, composition ⿰言兼)
References
- KangXi: page 1175, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35821
- Dae Jaweon: page 1639, character 36
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4009, character 2
- Unihan data for U+8B19
Chinese
| trad. | 謙 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 谦 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 謙
| |
|---|---|
| Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (兼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 譧 | *r'eːms |
| 賺 | *r'eːms |
| 尲 | *kreːm |
| 鹻 | *kreːmʔ |
| 歉 | *kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms |
| 槏 | *kʰreːmʔ |
| 鰜 | *ɡreːm, *keːm |
| 稴 | *ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm |
| 豏 | *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms |
| 甉 | *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm |
| 廉 | *ɡ·rem |
| 鎌 | *ɡ·rem |
| 鬑 | *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm |
| 鐮 | *ɡ·rem |
| 簾 | *ɡ·rem |
| 薕 | *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm |
| 蠊 | *ɡ·rem |
| 嬚 | *ɡ·remʔ |
| 溓 | *ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ |
| 嵰 | *kʰremʔ |
| 隒 | *ŋɡremʔ |
| 熑 | *ɡ·reːm |
| 濂 | *ɡ·reːm |
| 燫 | *ɡ·reːm |
| 兼 | *keːm, *keːms |
| 縑 | *keːm |
| 鶼 | *keːm |
| 蒹 | *keːm |
| 搛 | *keːm |
| 謙 | *kʰeːm |
| 膁 | *kʰeːmʔ |
| 嗛 | *kʰeːmʔ |
| 慊 | *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb |
| 傔 | *kʰeːms |
| 馦 | *qʰeːm |
| 嫌 | *ɡeːm |
| 鼸 | *ɡeːmʔ |
| 尷 | *kreːm |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ien1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: him1
- Yale: hīm
- Cantonese Pinyin: him1
- IPA (key): /hiːm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiam
- Tâi-lô: khiam
- Phofsit Daibuun: qiafm
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiam⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiam³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiam⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰiam⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiam⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 謙 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰian²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰian²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰiã²¹/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕʰiã⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃n³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰiɛn⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰien⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕʰiĩ²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰie̞¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰie³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰiɪ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰiẽ̞³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰi³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰie³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sʰiɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰiẽ³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰiẽ³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiɛn⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiam⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /kʰiɑm²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /him⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /him⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /him⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /kʰiam⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kʰieŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/kiŋ⁵⁴/ /kʰiŋ⁵⁴/ |
|
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kʰiam³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /xiam²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 謙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 添 (157) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 苦兼切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʰem/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʰem/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kʰɛm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kʰɛm/ |
| Li Rong |
/kʰem/ |
| Wang Li |
/kʰiem/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kʰiem/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
qiān |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 謙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6070 |
| Phonetic component |
兼 |
| Rime group |
談 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
謙 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰeːm/ |
Definitions
謙
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Japanese
Kanji
謙
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
謙 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune-Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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