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Definition 2024
銀
銀
Translingual
Han character
銀 (radical 167 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金日女 (CAV), four-corner 87132, composition ⿰金艮)
References
- KangXi: page 1303, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40355
- Dae Jaweon: page 1805, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4202, character 18
- Unihan data for U+9280
Chinese
| trad. | 銀 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 银 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 銀
| |
|---|---|
| Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| 眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| 限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| 根 | *kɯːn |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| 艮 | *kɯːns |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| 痕 | *ɡɯːn |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| 銀 | *ŋrɯn |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋrɯn) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋul ~ (d-)ŋur. Cognate with Tibetan དངུལ (dngul), Burmese ငွေ (ngwe).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiùn
- Min Dong (BUC): ngṳ̀ng
- Min Nan (POJ): gîn / gûn / gîrn
- Wu (Wiktionary): nyin (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
- Wade-Giles: yin2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
- IPA (key): /in³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ngan4, ngan4-2
- Yale: ngàhn, ngán
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngan4, ngan4-2
- IPA (key): /ŋɐn²¹/, /ŋɐn²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngan3, ngan3*
- IPA (key): /ᵑgan²²/, /ᵑgan²²⁻²²⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiùn
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiun2
- IPA: /ɲi̯un¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngṳ̀ng
- IPA (key): /ŋyŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gîn
- Tâi-lô: gîn
- Phofsit Daibuun: giin
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /gin¹³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /gin²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gûn
- Tâi-lô: gûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: guun
- IPA (Xiamen): /gun²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /gun²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /gun²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gîrn
- Tâi-lô: gîrn
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: nyin (T3)
- IPA (key): /ȵɪɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 銀 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /in³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /in²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /in⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /iẽ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /iə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /in⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /iẽ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /iə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /iŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ĩn⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /iŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /in²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /in³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /in²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ĩ¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /in²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /in⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /ȵiŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ĩŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵiŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ȵin¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ȵin²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ȵaŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /niʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /ȵin⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /in¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /ȵin¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵin⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋiun¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | ||
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋɐn²¹/ |
| Nanning | /ŋɐn²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ŋɐn²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /gun³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ŋyŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ŋœyŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /ŋɯŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /ŋin³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 銀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (44) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 語巾切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋˠiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋᵚin/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋien/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋjin/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋjĕn/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋǐĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yín |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 銀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yín |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ngin › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋrə[n]/ |
| English | silver |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 銀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3939 |
| Phonetic component |
艮 |
| Rime group |
文 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
銀 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋrɯn/ |
Definitions
銀
- silver (metal)
- silver (colour)
- made of silver
- money; cash
- 銀仔 / 银仔 [Cantonese] ― ngan4-2 zai2 [Jyutping] ― coins
- A surname.
Compounds
Derived terms from 銀
|
|
|
Descendants
Others:
- Hmong-Mien: *ɲʷi̯ən (“silver”)
- White Hmong: nyiaj (“silver, money”)
- Tai:
Japanese
Kanji
銀
Readings
- Goon: ごん, (gon)
- Kan’on: ぎん (gin)
- Kun: しろがね (shirogane), かね (kane)
- Nanori: うん (un), かな (kana), かね (kane)
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 銀 |
|
かね Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. May be ultimately derived from onomatopoeia カンカン (kankan, “clang clang”), the sound of hitting metal. Compare Cantonese 金 (gam, “metal, gold”), Sanskrit कनक (kanaka, “gold, golden”), possibly suggesting a common onomatopoeic derivation.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Noun
Usage notes
In former times, silver was the basis for the Japanese economy. In modern Japanese, kane is more commonly spelled using the character for gold: 金. The money sense is more commonly prefixed with お (o-).
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 銀 |
|
しろがね Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
Compound of 白 (shiro, “white”) + 金 (kane, “metal”). Starting from the Muromachi Period, the kane changes to gane due to rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
Noun
銀 (hiragana しろがね, romaji shirogane)
- silver
- silver dust mixed into glue or some other base: silver paint or lacquer
- silver thread
- silver coin
- the color silver
Compounds
Compounds
|
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 銀 |
|
ぎん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi |
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Ag | Previous: パラジウム (parajiumu) (Pd) |
| Next: カドミウム (kadomiumu) (Cd) | |
Pronunciation
Noun
Korean
Hanja
銀 • (eun) (hangeul 은, revised eun, McCune-Reischauer ŭn, Yale un)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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