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Definition 2024

靈

靈

See also: 霊 and 灵

Translingual

Traditional 靈
Shinjitai 霊
Simplified 灵

Han character

靈 (radical 173 雨+16, 24 strokes, cangjie input 一月口口人 (MBRRO) or 一月口口一 (MBRRM), four-corner 10108, composition ⿱霝巫)

References

  • KangXi: page 1380, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42532
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1889, character 34
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4082, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+9748

Chinese

trad. 靈
simp. 灵
alt. forms
 
㚑
霊
霛
䨩
𠳄
𡀓
𢩙
𢩝
𤫊
𤴤
𧈀
𧨈
𩂊
𩂳
𩃏
𩃗
𩃞
𩄇
𩅶
𩆕
𩆜
𩆮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 靈
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (霝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
靈 *reːŋ
霛 *reːŋ
麢 *reːŋ
霝 *reːŋ
醽 *reːŋ
櫺 *reːŋ
蘦 *reːŋ
孁 *reːŋ
龗 *reːŋ
酃 *reːŋ
爧 *reːŋ
欞 *reːŋ

Found as 𩆜 in Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *reːŋ) : phonetic 霝 ‎(OC *reːŋ) + semantic 玉 ‎(“jade”).

The semantic component 玉 (“jade”) may be replaced with 巫 (“witch”), as in the current form, or with 心 (“heart”) or 示 (“memorial tablet”) in the ancient bronze inscription forms.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 靈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 郎丁切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /leŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /leŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /lɛŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɛjŋ/
Li
Rong		 /leŋ/
Wang
Li		 /lieŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /lieŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 líng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 靈
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 líng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ leng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[r]ˤeŋ/
English supernatural

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 靈
Reading # 1/1
No. 8259
Phonetic
component		 霝
Rime
group		 耕
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 靈
Old
Chinese		 /*reːŋ/

Definitions

靈

  1. god; deity
  2. soul; spirit
  3. coffin
  4. effective; efficacious
  5. keen; quick
  6. nimble

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

靈

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 霊)

  1. spirit, soul

Readings

Korean

Hanja

靈 • ‎(ryeong, yeong) (hangeul 령, 영, revised ryeong, yeong, McCune-Reischauer ryŏng, yŏng, Yale lyeung, yeung)

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Vietnamese

Han character

靈 (linh, lanh, lẻng, leng, lênh, liêng, lình)

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