Definify.com
Definition 2024
丁
丁
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Translingual
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The modern character for "nail" is 釘/钉.
Han character
丁 (radical 1 一+1, 2 strokes, cangjie input 一弓 (MN), four-corner 10200, composition ⿱一亅)
References
- KangXi: page 75, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2
- Dae Jaweon: page 135, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 2, character 5
- Unihan data for U+4E01
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
丁 | |
|---|---|---|
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ding1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tên
- Min Nan (POJ): teng
- Wu (Wiktionary): tin (T1)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥ
- Wade-Giles: ting1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ding
- IPA (key): /tiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ding1
- Yale: dīng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ding1
- IPA (key): /tɪŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tên
- Hakka Romanization System: den´
- Hagfa Pinyim: den1
- IPA: /ten²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teng
- Tâi-lô: ting
- Phofsit Daibuun: defng
- IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tin (T1)
- IPA (key): /tɪɲ⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 丁 (姓丁) |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tiŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /tiŋ²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /tiŋ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /tiŋ²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /tiŋ²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /tiŋ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /tiə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /tĩn³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /tĩ⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /tin³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /tin²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tiəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /tiŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /tĩŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /tiŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /tin³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /teŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /tiʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /tɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tin³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /tin³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tiɑŋ⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ten⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /ten²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /teŋ⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /teŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /tiŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /tiŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /taiŋ⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /teŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /ʔdeŋ²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 當經切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/teŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/teŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/tɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/tɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/teŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/tieŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/tieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
dīng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 丁 | 丁 | 丁 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
dīng | dīng | zhēng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ teng › | ‹ teng › | ‹ trɛng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tˤeŋ/ | /*tˤeŋ/ | /*tˤreŋ/ |
| English | 4th heavenly stem | nail (n.) | sound of beating |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 丁 | 丁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2372 | 2378 |
| Phonetic component |
丁 | 丁 |
| Rime group |
耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
朾 | 丁 |
| Old Chinese |
/*rteːŋ/ | /*teːŋ/ |
| Notes | 釘（鋌塊）初文 | |
Definitions
丁
- man
- population, members of a family
- cube
- the fourth of the ten heavenly stems
- A surname.
- fourth
Compounds
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Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
- Wade-Giles: chêng1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zaang1, zang1
- Yale: jāang, jāng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaang1, dzang1
- IPA (key): /t͡sɑːŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 中莖切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʈˠɛŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈᵚæŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȶɐŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈəɨjŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȶɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȶæŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȶæŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhēng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhēng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ trɛng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tˤreŋ/ |
| English | sound of beating |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 2372 |
| Phonetic component |
丁 |
| Rime group |
耕 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
朾 |
| Old Chinese |
/*rteːŋ/ |
Definitions
丁
- See 丁丁 (zhēngzhēng).
References
- (Min Nan) “Entry #46”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
丁 • (jeong)
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 정 (revised: jeong, McCune-Reischauer: chŏng, Yale: ceng)
- Name (hangeul): 고무래, 장정 (revised: gomurae, jangjeong, McCune-Reischauer: komurae, changjŏng, Yale: komuray, cangceng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
References
Etymology
| Historical forms of the character 丁
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| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
| 打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
| 盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
| 朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
| 丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
| 揨 | *rdeːŋ |
| 釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
| 靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
| 仃 | *teːŋ |
| 叮 | *teːŋ |
| 疔 | *teːŋ |
| 頂 | *teːŋʔ |
| 奵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 耵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 酊 | *teːŋʔ |
| 葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
| 矴 | *teːŋs |
| 訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
| 飣 | *teːŋs |
| 汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
| 艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
| 婷 | *deːŋ |
| 停 | *deːŋ |
| 聤 | *deːŋ |
| 渟 | *deːŋ |
| 楟 | *deːŋ |
| 亭 | *deːŋ |
Pictogram (象形) : a nail.