Armenian

Suffix

-ի • ‎(-i)

1. -able

   հասկանալ‎ ― haskanal ― to understand

   հասկանալի‎ ― haskanali ― understandable

   բուժել‎ ― bužel ― to cure

   բուժելի‎ ― buželi ― curable

   ուղղել‎ ― ułłel ― to correct

   ուղղելի‎ ― ułłeli ― corrigible

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Armenian -ի ‎(-i).

Suffix

-ի • ‎(-i)

1. the singular and plural dative case ending of i-declension nouns

   Հայաստանի‎ ― Hayastani ― dative singular case of Հայաստան ‎(Hayastan)

   քաղաքի‎ ― kʿałakʿi ― dative singular case of քաղաք ‎(kʿałakʿ)

   քաղաքների‎ ― kʿałakʿneri ― dative plural case of քաղաք ‎(kʿałakʿ)

See also

• -ու ‎(-u)

Middle Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian -ի ‎(-i).

Suffix

-ի • ‎(-i)

1. forming botanical names

Derived terms

Old Armenian

Etymology 1

From the Proto-Indo-European *-yo- or *-yeh₂- suffix. Compare the same suffix in Sanskrit स्वप्न्य ‎(svápnya), Ancient Greek δεξιός ‎(dexiós), Latin somnium. The genitive ending -ի ‎(-i) may have the same origin.

Suffix

-ի • ‎(-i)

1. forming adjectives

   աղ‎ ― ał ― salt

   աղի‎ ― ałi ― salty

   բարք‎ ― barkʿ ― disposition, temper

   բարի‎ ― bari ― kind, good

   սոսկալ‎ ― soskal ― to be greatly afraid

   սոսկալի‎ ― soskali ― horrible, terrible

2. forming botanical names

   կաղին‎ ― kałin ― acorn

   կաղնի‎ ― kałni ― oak

3. made of

   կտաւ‎ ― ktaw ― flax

   կտաւի‎ ― ktawi ― linen

4. forming adverbs

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Armenian: -ի ‎(-i)
• Middle Armenian: -ի ‎(-i)

References

• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998), “-ի”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʿneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʿ lezvi hamematakan kʿerakanutʿyan harcʿer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʿi, pages 5–48
• Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 66

Etymology 2

The genitive/dative/locative marker for i-declension is identical with the -ի- ‎(-i-) stem vowel. In Godel's words, the remaining stem, standing in contrast to the nominative/accusative singular (which lost its stem), was apt to function as a full-fledged case form. According to Godel, in the case of the i-a-declension we are dealing with a Proto-Armenian morphological innovation: the new morpheme was abstracted from the genitive/dative/locative case ending -ի ‎(-i) of i-stem nouns and applied to a-stem nouns, whose original endings had been lost.

Suffix

-ի • ‎(-i)

1. singular genitive/dative/locative marker for i-declension words

   բանի‎ ― bani ― genitive/dative/locative singular of բան ‎(ban)

2. singular genitive/dative/locative marker for i-a-declension words

   լեզուի‎ ― lezui ― genitive/dative/locative singular of լեզու ‎(lezu)

   աշակերտի‎ ― ašakerti ― genitive/dative/locative singular of աշակերտ ‎(ašakert)

Descendants

• Armenian: -ի ‎(-i)

References

• Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 104