English
Alternative forms
Phrase
et al.
- And others; to complete a list, especially of people, as authors of a published work.
Usage notes
Formally preferred by some over etc. for lists of people in all contexts, reserving etc. for lists of things (inanimate objects); the distinction is sometimes ignored in casual use, and the two abbreviations are used synonymously in many contexts for completing lists except in very careful or formal use. However, in lists of authors of a published work, et al. is still regularly used.
Related terms
Translations
and others
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- Japanese: ら (ja) (ra), など (ja) (nado)
- Latin: et al., et al
- Macedonian: и др. (mk) pl (i dr.)
- Malay: dan lain-lain
- Norwegian: og andre
- Polish: i in. (pl)
- Portuguese: et al. (pt), e outros
- Russian: и др. pl (i dr.), и други́е pl (i drugíje), и друго́е n (i drugóje) (of uncountable objects), и пр. (i pr.), и про́чие pl (i próčije), и про́чее n (i próčeje) (of uncountable objects)
- Slovak: a ďalší
- Spanish: y otros m pl, y otras f pl
- Swedish: med flera pl, et al. (sv), m.fl. (sv)
- Tagalog: at iba pa
- Turkish: ve diğerleri
- Ukrainian: та ін. (uk) pl (ta in.), та інші pl (ta ínši)
- Welsh: ac eraill
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Etymology 2
From Latin, abbreviation of et (“and”) and alibi (“other places”) (English: et alibi).
Abbreviation
et al.
- And elsewhere; to complete a list of places.
Related terms
Anagrams
Latin
Alternative forms
Adverb
et al.
- Abbreviation for et alii (masculine), et aliae (feminine) or et alia (neuter), in all cases meaning and others. Mixed-gender groups would use et alii.
- Abbreviation for et alibi, meaning and other occurrences in a text.