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Definition 2025
予
予
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Translingual
Han character
予 (radical 6 亅+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈弓弓 (NINN), four-corner 17202, composition ⿱龴𠄐)
- I, me
- to give
- beforehand
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 85, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 231
- Dae Jaweon: page 174, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 52, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4E88
Chinese
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la.
Pronunciation 1
|
simp. and trad. |
予 | |
|---|---|---|
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˇ
- Wade-Giles: yü3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeu
- IPA (key): /y²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jyu5
- Yale: yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy5
- IPA (key): /jyː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
- Hakka Romanization System: iˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi2
- IPA: /i¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi2
- IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ú
- Tâi-lô: ú
- Phofsit Daibuun: uo
- IPA (Xiamen): /u⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ír
- Tâi-lô: ír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í
- Tâi-lô: í
- Phofsit Daibuun: ie
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³/
- Note: literary reading.
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 予 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 余吕切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/jɨʌX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/jiɔX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/iɔX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/jɨə̆X/ |
| Li Rong |
/iɔX/ |
| Wang Li |
/jĭoX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/i̯woX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yǔ |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 予 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yǔ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ yoX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*laʔ/ |
| English | give; together with |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 予 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 15739 |
| Phonetic component |
予 |
| Rime group |
魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
|
| Old Chinese |
/*laʔ/ |
Definitions
予
Pronunciation 2
|
simp. and trad. |
予 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms |
互 乎 與/与 度 Quanzhou |
|
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘
- Tâi-lô: hōo
- Phofsit Daibuun: ho
- IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /hɔ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thō͘
- Tâi-lô: thōo
- Phofsit Daibuun: to
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: hǒo
- Note: vernacular reading.
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
Definitions
予 (Hokkien)
- to give
- to allow
- 予伊去! [Min Nan] ― Hō͘ i khì! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Let it go!
- by (used in constructing the passive)
- 伊予人拍。 [Min Nan] ― I hō͘ lâng phah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― He was beaten up (by someone).
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“to give”) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 予 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 給 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 給 |
| Taiwan | 給 | |
| Tianjin | 給 | |
| Jinan | 給 | |
| Xi'an | 給 | |
| Wuhan | 把、把得、給 | |
| Chengdu | 給 | |
| Yangzhou | 把、給 | |
| Hefei | 給 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 畀 |
| Hong Kong | 畀 | |
| Taishan | 予 | |
| Yangjiang | 畀 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 把 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 分 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 分 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 分 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 分 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 分 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 分 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 得 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 給 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 吶 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 乞 |
| Min Nan | Quanzhou | 予 |
| Xiamen | 予 | |
| Zhangzhou | 予 | |
| Taipei | 予 | |
| Kaohsiung | 予 | |
| Tainan | 予 | |
| Taichung | 予 | |
| Yilan | 予 | |
| Lukang | 予 | |
| Sanxia | 予 | |
| Kinmen | 予 | |
| Magong | 予 | |
| Hsinchu | 予 | |
| Chaozhou | 分 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 撥 |
| Suzhou | 撥 | |
| Wenzhou | 匄 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 把 |
Etymology 2
|
simp. and trad. |
予 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
- Wade-Giles: yü2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
- IPA (key): /y³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jyu4
- Yale: yùh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy4
- IPA (key): /jyː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û
- Tâi-lô: û
- Phofsit Daibuun: uu
- IPA (Xiamen): /u²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: îr
- Tâi-lô: îr
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î
- Tâi-lô: î
- Phofsit Daibuun: ii
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /i¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 予 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以諸切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/jɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/jiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/iɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/jɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong |
/iɔ/ |
| Wang Li |
/jĭo/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/i̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yú |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 予 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yú |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ yo › |
| Old Chinese |
/*laʔ/ |
| English | I, we |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 予 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 15738 |
| Phonetic component |
予 |
| Rime group |
魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
余 |
| Old Chinese |
/*la/ |
Definitions
予
Etymology 3
| For pronunciation and definitions of 予 – see 豫. (This character, 予, is a variant form of 豫.) |
Japanese
Etymology 1
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [jo]
Pronoun
予 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 豫, hiragana よ, romaji yo)
- first-person personal pronoun; I, me
- 1802-1814: Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige (volume 1)
- 予此街道に毫をはせて膝栗毛の書を著す。
- 1802-1814: Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige (volume 1)
Etymology 2
Kanji
(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 豫)
- beforehand, in advance
Readings
Compounds
References
- Asō, Isoji (1958) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 62: Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-0006-0062-1
Korean
Hanja
予 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune-Reischauer yŏ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
予 (nhừ, dư)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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