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Definition 2024


U+51B7, 冷
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51B7

[U+51B6]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+51B8]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 15 +5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈一人戈戈 (IMOII), four-corner 38127, composition)

See also

References

  • KangXi: page 132, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1622
  • Dae Jaweon: page 295, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 296, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+51B7

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs
*riːn, *reːŋ
*riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs
魿 *ɡriŋ, *reːŋ
*mreŋs
*raːŋʔ, *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ
*reŋ, *reːŋ
*reŋʔ
*reŋʔ
*reŋʔ, *reːŋ
*reŋʔ, *reːŋ
*reŋʔ
*reŋs, *reːŋ
*ʔsleŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ, *reːŋʔ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ
*reːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *raːŋʔ, *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ) : semantic  (ice) + phonetic  (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) – cold as ice.

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ləŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /ləŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /ləŋ¹³/
Jinan /ləŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ləŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ləŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /ləŋ⁵³/
Xining /lə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /ləŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /lə̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /lɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /nən⁴²/
Chengdu /nən⁵³/
Guiyang /nen⁴²/
Kunming /lə̃/
Nanjing /lən²¹²/
Hefei /lən²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ləŋ⁵³/
Pingyao /ləŋ⁵³/
/liɑ⁵³/
Hohhot /lə̃ŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /lã²³/
Suzhou /lã³¹/
Hangzhou /len⁵³/
Wenzhou /liɛ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /lʌ̃³⁵/
/lɛ³⁵/
Tunxi /lɛ²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /lən⁴¹/
Xiangtan /nən⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /lɑŋ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /laŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /lɑŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /laŋ²³/
Nanning /laŋ²⁴/
Hong Kong /laŋ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /liŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /lɛiŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /laiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /nẽ⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /leŋ²¹³/
/lɛ²¹³/
/lɛ³¹/ 晾乾

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial () (37) (37) (37)
Final () (125) (109) (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division () IV II IV
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/leŋ/ /lˠæŋX/ /leŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/leŋ/ /lᵚaŋX/ /leŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/lɛŋ/ /laŋX/ /lɛŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɛjŋ/ /laɨjŋX/ /lɛjŋX/
Li
Rong
/leŋ/ /lɐŋX/ /leŋX/
Wang
Li
/lieŋ/ /lɐŋX/ /lieŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/lieŋ/ /lɐŋX/ /lieŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
líng lěng lǐng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 8276 8317 8330
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*raːŋʔ/ /*reːŋ/ /*reːŋʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. cold, cool

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“cold”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan 、冷凊
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Taishan
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian) 、寒人
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Zhuolan (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Quanzhou
Xiamen
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Chaozhou
Shantou
Wu Suzhou
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

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Readings

Compounds


Korean

Hanja

(raeng>naeng) (hangeul 랭>냉, McCune-Reischauer raeng>naeng)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(lãnh, lạnh, lênh, liểng, linh, rãnh, lành, lảnh, rảnh)

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