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Definition 2025
咸
咸
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Translingual
Han character
咸 (radical 30 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹一口 (IHMR), four-corner 53200, composition ⿴戌口)
Derived characters
See also
References
- KangXi: page 187, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3563
- Dae Jaweon: page 406, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1404, character 2
- Unihan data for U+54B8
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
咸 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 咸
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (咸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 感 | *kɯːmʔ |
| 鱤 | *kɯːmʔ |
| 顑 | *kʰɯːmʔ, *ŋɡrɯːms |
| 轗 | *kʰɯːmʔ, *kʰɯːms |
| 撼 | *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 憾 | *ɡɯːms |
| 喊 | *qʰaːmʔ, *qʰrɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ |
| 緘 | *krɯːm |
| 瑊 | *krɯːm, *kjum |
| 黬 | *krɯːm, *ŋɡrɯːm |
| 減 | *krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ |
| 羬 | *ŋɡrɯːm, *ɡram |
| 麙 | *ŋɡrɯːm |
| 咸 | *ɡrɯːm |
| 鹹 | *ɡrɯːm |
| 醎 | *ɡrɯːm |
| 諴 | *ɡrɯːm |
| 椷 | *ɡrɯːm |
| 輱 | *ɡrɯːm |
| 鍼 | *ɡam, *ɡram, *kjɯm |
| 箴 | *kjɯm |
| 葴 | *kjɯm |
| 鱵 | *kjum |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 戌 (“axe”) + 口 (“mouth (person) or clay pot”). To cut off one's head with an ax, depriving them of all they have; alternatively, to break a pot with an ax.
Simplified from 鹹 as well.
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˊ
- Wade-Giles: hsien2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyan
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: haam4
- Yale: hàahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: haam4
- IPA (key): /hɑːm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hàm
- Hakka Romanization System: hamˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ham2
- IPA: /ham¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiâm
- Tâi-lô: kiâm
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiaam
- IPA (Xiamen): /kiam²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kiam²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiam¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kiam²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiam²³/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 咸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 咸 (151) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 胡讒切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦˠɛm/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦᵚæm/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣɐm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦəɨm/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣɐm/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣɐm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
xián |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 咸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
xián |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hɛm › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɡ]ˤr[ə]m/ |
| English | all; everywhere |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 咸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13515 |
| Phonetic component |
咸 |
| Rime group |
侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
咸 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡrɯːm/ |
| Notes | 從口從戌會刺口之意，鹹初文 |
Definitions
咸
Compounds
|
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 咸 – see 鹹. (This character, 咸, is the simplified form of 鹹.) |
Notes:
|
Japanese
Kanji
咸
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
咸 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune-Reischauer ham)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
- Hán Việt: hàm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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