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Definition 2024

鹹

鹹

See also: 醎 and 咸

Translingual

Han character

鹹 (radical 197 鹵+9, 20 strokes, cangjie input 卜田戈竹口 (YWIHR), four-corner 23650, composition ⿰鹵咸)

Descendants

  • 咸 – simplified to an existing character.

See also

References

  • KangXi: page 1507, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47553
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2035, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4610, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+9E79

Chinese

trad. 鹹
simp. 咸
alt. forms 醎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (咸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
感 *kɯːmʔ
鱤 *kɯːmʔ
顑 *kʰɯːmʔ, *ŋɡrɯːms
轗 *kʰɯːmʔ, *kʰɯːms
撼 *ɡɯːmʔ
憾 *ɡɯːms
喊 *qʰaːmʔ, *qʰrɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
緘 *krɯːm
瑊 *krɯːm, *kjum
黬 *krɯːm, *ŋɡrɯːm
減 *krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
羬 *ŋɡrɯːm, *ɡram
麙 *ŋɡrɯːm
咸 *ɡrɯːm
鹹 *ɡrɯːm
醎 *ɡrɯːm
諴 *ɡrɯːm
椷 *ɡrɯːm
輱 *ɡrɯːm
鍼 *ɡam, *ɡram, *kjɯm
箴 *kjɯm
葴 *kjɯm
鱵 *kjum

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrɯːm) : semantic 鹵 ‎(“salt”) + phonetic 咸 ‎(OC *ɡrɯːm).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 鹹
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian³⁵/
Harbin /ɕian²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiã⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕian⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiã²⁴/ ～陽
/xã²⁴/ ～菜
Xining /ɕiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
/xɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁵¹/
/xan⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /xan³¹/
Guiyang /ɕian²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /ɕien²⁴/
Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕiɑŋ¹³/ ～阳
/xɑŋ¹³/ ～菜
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦe²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦa³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
/xɛ⁴⁴/ ～鹽
Tunxi /xɔ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /xan¹³/ ～魚
Xiangtan /ɦan¹²/
Gan Nanchang /han²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /ham¹¹/
Taoyuan /hɑm¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ham²¹/
Nanning /ham²¹/
Hong Kong /ham²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ham³⁵/
/kiam³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kɛiŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /aŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ham⁵⁵/
/kiam⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ham³¹/
Rime
Character 鹹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 咸 (151)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 胡讒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠɛm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦᵚæm/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɐm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦəɨm/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɐm/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɐm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣăm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xián
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鹹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xián
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hɛm ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə.[ɡ]ˤr[o]m/
English salty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鹹
Reading # 1/1
No. 13516
Phonetic
component		 咸
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 咸
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡrɯːm/
Notes 鹹轉註字

Definitions

鹹

  1. salty; briny
  2. salted
  3. pickled

Compounds

  • 八珍鹹粥／八珍咸粥
  • 半鹹水湖／半咸水湖
  • 托葷鹹食／托荤咸食
  • 鹹嘴淡舌／咸嘴淡舌
  • 鹹水／咸水 (xiánshuǐ)
  • 鹹水妹／咸水妹

Japanese

Kanji

鹹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. salty

Readings

  • On: かん (kan)
  • Kun: しおからい (shiokarai), しおけ (shioke)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

鹹 • ‎(ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune-Reischauer ham, Yale ham)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鹹 (hàm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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