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Definition 2024

曷

曷

Translingual

Han character

曷 (radical 73 曰+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日心女人 (APVO), four-corner 60727, composition ⿱曰匃)

  1. why? what? where? when?

References

  • KangXi: page 502, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14290
  • Dae Jaweon: page 874, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1502, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+66F7

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 曷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 曷
Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愒 *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤 *qaːds
靄 *qaːds, *qaːd
餲 *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝 *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭 *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈 *ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲 *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛 *kaːd
輵 *kaːd
獦 *klaːd, *rab
渴 *kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑 *kʰaːd
暍 *qʰaːd, *qad
曷 *ɡaːd
褐 *ɡaːd
鶡 *ɡaːd
毼 *ɡaːd
蝎 *ɡaːd
鞨 *ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏 *qaːd
齃 *qaːd
堨 *qaːd
擖 *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬 *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅 *kʰrad
藒 *kʰrad
竭 *ɡrad, *ɡad
碣 *ɡrad, *ɡad
羯 *kad
鍻 *kad
歇 *qʰad
蠍 *qʰad
謁 *qad

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 曷
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 曷 (63)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡葛切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦat̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɑt̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hé
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 曷
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hé
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hat ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˤat/
English what

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 曷
Reading # 1/1
No. 5030
Phonetic
component		 曷
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 曷
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡaːd/

Definitions

曷

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    時日曷喪，予及汝皆亡。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    时日曷丧，予及汝皆亡。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    Shí rì hé sàng, yǔ jí rǔ jiē wáng. [Pinyin]
    When [will] this sun die? I [shall] die with you.

Compounds

  • 曷鼻

References

Japanese

Kanji

曷

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

曷 • ‎(gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune-Reischauer kal, Yale kal)

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Vietnamese

Han character

曷 (hạt, hột)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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