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Definition 2024
竭
竭
Translingual
Han character
竭 (radical 117 立+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日心女 (YTAPV), four-corner 06127)
- put forth great effort
- exhaust
References
- KangXi: page 872, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25803
- Dae Jaweon: page 1303, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2713, character 20
- Unihan data for U+7AED
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
竭 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 竭
| |
|---|---|
| Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 愒 | *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad |
| 馤 | *qaːds |
| 靄 | *qaːds, *qaːd |
| 餲 | *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd |
| 喝 | *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd |
| 揭 | *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad |
| 偈 | *ɡrads, *ɡrad |
| 猲 | *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad |
| 葛 | *kaːd |
| 輵 | *kaːd |
| 獦 | *klaːd, *rab |
| 渴 | *kʰaːd, *ɡrad |
| 嵑 | *kʰaːd |
| 暍 | *qʰaːd, *qad |
| 曷 | *ɡaːd |
| 褐 | *ɡaːd |
| 鶡 | *ɡaːd |
| 毼 | *ɡaːd |
| 蝎 | *ɡaːd |
| 鞨 | *ɡaːd, *ɢljad |
| 遏 | *qaːd |
| 齃 | *qaːd |
| 堨 | *qaːd |
| 擖 | *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb |
| 楬 | *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 朅 | *kʰrad |
| 藒 | *kʰrad |
| 竭 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 碣 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 羯 | *kad |
| 鍻 | *kad |
| 歇 | *qʰad |
| 蠍 | *qʰad |
| 謁 | *qad |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
- Wade-Giles: chieh2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: kit3
- Yale: kit
- Cantonese Pinyin: kit8
- IPA (key): /kʰiːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke̍h / kha̍t / kia̍t
- Tâi-lô: ke̍h / kha̍t / kia̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: keh, qat, kiat
- IPA (Xiamen): /keʔ⁴/, /kʰat̚⁴/, /kiɛt̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /keʔ²⁴/, /kʰat̚²⁴/, /kiɛt̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /keʔ¹²¹/, /kʰat̚¹²¹/, /kiɛt̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /keʔ⁴/, /kʰat̚⁴/, /kiɛt̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /keʔ⁴/, /kʰat̚⁴/, /kiɛt̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 竭 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕie¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiə¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕie²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕie²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Pingyao | ||
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /d͡ʑi²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕieʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕia⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕie²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕie²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiat̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /kʰiet̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hit̚³/ |
| Nanning | /kʰit̚³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /hit̚³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /kiat̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kieʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kiak̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /kit̚⁵/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 竭 | 竭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 月 (67) | 薛 (83) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 其謁切 | 渠列切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɡɨɐt̚/ | /ɡˠiᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɡiɐt̚/ | /ɡᵚiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɡiɐt̚/ | /ɡiæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/gɨat̚/ | /giat̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɡiɐt̚/ | /ɡjɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɡĭɐt̚/ | /ɡĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/gɨ̯ɐt̚/ | /gi̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jié | jué |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 竭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jié |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ gjet › |
| Old Chinese |
/*N-[k](r)at/ |
| English | exhaust (v.); dry up |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 竭 | 竭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5051 | 5060 |
| Phonetic component |
曷 | 曷 |
| Rime group |
月 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
傑 | 𢷒 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡrad/ | /*ɡad/ |
Definitions
竭
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Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
竭
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
竭 • (gal, geol) (hangeul 갈, 걸, revised gal, geol, McCune-Reischauer kal, kŏl, Yale kal, kel)
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Vietnamese
Han character
竭 (kiệt)
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