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Definition 2025
祭
祭
Translingual
Note that the top is not 癶. The left part is ⺼ twisted to the left (compare 將, 然). The right part (which looks like 又 without the tail to the left) actually a simplified form of hand, which was written originally like 屮 (three fingers on the arm), with the tail tilted to the right and the leftmost fingers disappearing).
In Japanese handwriting, the diagonals of the upper right component cross: the short upper-right to lower-left stroke crosses the long upper-left to lower-right stroke, rather than abutting there.
Han character
祭 (radical 113 示+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月人一一火 (BOMMF), four-corner 27901)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 843, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24700
- Dae Jaweon: page 1263, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2397, character 7
- Unihan data for U+796D
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
祭 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
- Wade-Giles: chih4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zai3
- Yale: jai
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzai3
- IPA (key): /t͡sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chi
- Hakka Romanization System: ji
- Hagfa Pinyim: ji4
- IPA: /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè
- Tâi-lô: tsè
- Phofsit Daibuun: zex
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡se²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 祭 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕi⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕi²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡si⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡si³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕji²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕi³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕi²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡si⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡sz̩⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao |
/t͡ɕi³⁵/ /t͡sei³⁵/ ~先人 |
|
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕi³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡si⁵¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡sei⁴²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡si³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡se⁴²/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡si⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡si⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡si⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡si⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐi³³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sɐi³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sɐi³³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /t͡se²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡si²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡si³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡si²¹³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /t͡si³⁵/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 祭 | 祭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) | 皆 (33) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II |
| Fanqie | 子例切 | 側界切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡siᴇiH/ | /t͡ʃˠɛiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡siɛiH/ | /ʈ͡ʂᵚæiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sjæiH/ | /t͡ʃɐiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡siajH/ | /ʈ͡ʂəɨjH/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡siɛiH/ | /t͡ʃɛiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡sĭɛiH/ | /t͡ʃɐiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡si̯ɛiH/ | /ʈ͡ʂăiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jì | zhài |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 祭 | 祭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jì | zhài |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsjejH › | ‹ tsrɛjH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ts]et-s/ | /*[ts](ˤ)re[t]-s/ |
| English | sacrifice | (name of a state) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 祭 | 祭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5838 | 5839 |
| Phonetic component |
祭 | 祭 |
| Rime group |
祭 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
瘵 | 祭 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsreːds/ | /*ʔsleds/ |
Noun
祭
- a ceremony where one offers sacrifices to one's ancestors
Verb
祭
References
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典)
- (Min Nan) “Entry #7709”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Korean
Hanja
祭 • (je, chae) (hangeul 제, 채, revised je, chae, McCune-Reischauer che, ch'ae, Yale cey, chay)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
祭 (tế, sái)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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