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Definition 2024
Ek
ek
ek
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂om (“I”).
Pronoun
ek (object my, possessive my)
- I (subject)
See also
subjective | objective | possessive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st | ek | my | my | ||
2nd | jy | jou | jou | |||
2nd, formal | u | u | ||||
3rd, masc | hy | hom | sy | |||
3rd, fem | sy | haar | haar | |||
3rd, neut | dit | sy | ||||
plural | 1st | ons | ons | |||
2nd | julle | julle / jul1 | ||||
3rd | hulle | hulle / hul1 | ||||
1. In the second and third persons plural, the usual possessive forms are julle and hulle (like the subjective and objective forms), but jul and hul are sometimes used instead when the sentence would otherwise be ambiguous. |
Fiji Hindi
Etymology
From Hindi एक (ek), from Sanskrit एक (éka) (or a closely related Old-Indo-Aryan language, through Prakrit), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haykas (compare Persian یک (yek)), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)óykos (“one, single”).
Numeral
ek
- (cardinal) one
References
- Fiji Hindi Dictionary
- Siegel, Jeff (1977) Say it in Fiji Hindi, Australia: Pacific Publications, ISBN 085807026X, page 28
Icelandic
Etymology 1
From Old Norse ek, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚲ (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Alternative forms
Pronoun
ek
Declension
Icelandic personal pronouns | ||||||
singular | first person | second person | third person masculine | third person feminine | third person neuter | |
nominative | ég, eg†, ek† | þú | hann | hún, hon†, hón† | það, þat† | |
accusative | mig, mik† | þig, þik† | hann | hana | það, þat† | |
dative | mér | þér | honum, hánum† | henni | því | |
genitive | mín | þín | hans | hennar | þess | |
plural | first person | second person | third person masculine | third person feminine | third person neuter | |
nominative | við | þið, þit† | þeir | þær | þau | |
accusative | okkur | ykkur | þá | þær | þau | |
dative | okkur | ykkur | þeim | þeim | þeim | |
genitive | okkar | ykkar | þeirra | þeirra | þeirra |
Etymology 2
Inflected form of aka (“to drive”).
Verb
ek
- first-person singular active present indicative of aka
Ido
Etymology
Borrowing from Latin ex, with the x changed to just k so not to interfere with ex-, which shares the same origin.
Preposition
ek
- out of (motion from; made or extracted from; fractional part of), out from, out (forth from), of (made of)
Derived terms
Related terms
- ex- (“ex-, late, former, retired (prefix indicating one who formerly held a position)”)
Marshallese
Pronunciation
- MED phonemes: {yẹk}
- IPA phonemes: /jɘk/
- IPA articulation: [e̯e͡ɤk]
Noun
ek
- fish.
References
Middle Low German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛk/, /ek/
Etymology
From dialectal differences going back to Proto-Germanic.
Pronoun
ek
- Alternative form of ik.
North Frisian
Etymology
From Old Norse ekki. Cognate with Danish ikke, Faroese ikki, Norwegian Nynorsk ikkje.
Adverb
ek
- not (Sylt dialect)
- "Di rocht Saaken ken di Oogen ek se", sair di Litji Prins, fuar höm dit tö morki. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Old Norse
![](http://definify.com/images_main/Kragehul.jpg)
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Norse ᛖᚲ (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek (whence also Old English iċ, Old Saxon, Old Frisian and Old Dutch ik, Old High German ih, Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik)), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Among the earliest attestations of the pronoun, as ᛖᚳ ek, is the proto-Norse inscription on the 2nd-4th century Lindholm amulet, which also contains a postpositive, perhaps clitic, form of the word, in ᚺᚨᛏᛖᚳᚨ hateka, “I am called” — compare Old Norse heiti ek (“I hight, I am called”) (Old Gutnish hait-) and the form of terms such as kank, kannk (“I can”) (kann + ek).
Pronoun
ek
- I (first-person singular pronoun)
- 150–350, inscription on the Lindholm amulet:
- ᛖᚳᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉᛋᚨᚹᛁᛚᚨᚷᚨᛉᚺᚨᛏᛖᚳᚨ
- ek erilaz sa[w]ilagaz hateka
- I [am an] earl, Sawilagaz hight I
- ek erilaz sa[w]ilagaz hateka
- ᛖᚳᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉᛋᚨᚹᛁᛚᚨᚷᚨᛉᚺᚨᛏᛖᚳᚨ
- 200–475, inscription on the Kragehul I spear-shaft:
- ᛖᚳᛖ⁀ᚱᛁᛚᚨ⁀ᛉ...
- ek e⁀rila⁀z asugisalas m⁀uh⁀a h⁀aite […]
- I, earl of Asugisalaz, hight Muha, […]
- ek e⁀rila⁀z asugisalas m⁀uh⁀a h⁀aite […]
- ᛖᚳᛖ⁀ᚱᛁᛚᚨ⁀ᛉ...
- circa 1000, Vǫluspá, verse 1, line 1:
- Hliods bið ec allar... (Codex Regius, circa 1270)
- Hlioðs bið ek allar... (Hauksbók, circa 1306)
- Hljóðs bið ek allar... (normalised orthography)
- For silence I ask all...
- 1220-1240, Egils saga, chapter 3, line 16:
- "Þótt þetta vandræði hafi nú borit oss at hendi, þá mun eigi langt til, at sama vandræði mun til yðvar koma, því at Haraldr, ætla ek, at skjótt mun hér koma, þá er hann hefir alla menn þrælkat ok áþját, sem hann vill, á Norðmæri ok í Raumsdal." (Norse)
- translation by William Charles Green:
- Though this danger now touches us, before long the same will come to you; for Harold, as I ween, will hasten hither when he has enthralled and oppressed after his will all in North Mæra and Raumsdale.
- translation by Hallvard Lie:
- Though this trouble have now lighted on our hand, 'twill not be long ere the same trouble shall come upon you; for Harald, I ween, will shortly hither come, soon as he hath all men thralled and enslaved, according to this will, in Northmere and Raumsdale.
- translation by William Charles Green:
- "Þótt þetta vandræði hafi nú borit oss at hendi, þá mun eigi langt til, at sama vandræði mun til yðvar koma, því at Haraldr, ætla ek, at skjótt mun hér koma, þá er hann hefir alla menn þrælkat ok áþját, sem hann vill, á Norðmæri ok í Raumsdal." (Norse)
- 150–350, inscription on the Lindholm amulet:
Declension
number | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | ek | þú | hann | hon, hón | þat | |
accusative | mik | þik | sik | hann | hana, hána | þat |
dative | mér | þér | sér | hánum, honum, hónum | henni | því |
genitive | mín | þín | sín | hans | hennar | þess |
case | dual | |||||
nominative | vit | it, þit | ||||
accusative | okr, okkr | ykr, ykkr | sik | |||
dative | okr, okkr | ykr, ykkr | sér | |||
genitive | okkar | ykkar | sín | |||
case | plural | plural masculine | plural feminine | plural neuter | ||
nominative | vér | ér, þér | þeir | þær | þau | |
accusative | oss | yðr | sik | þá | þær | þau |
dative | oss | yðr | sér | þeim | þeim | þeim |
genitive | vár | yðar, yðvar | sín | þeirra | þeirra | þeirra |
![](http://definify.com/images_main/Lindholm_amulet.jpg)
Descendants
- Danish: jeg (dial. a, æ, ja, jæ)
- Elfdalian: ig
- Faroese: eg, jeg
- Icelandic: ek, eg, ég
- Norn: eg
- Norwegian: (dial. eg, ej, e, je, æg, æ, æj)
- Old Swedish: iak, jæk
- Swedish: jag
References
- ek in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”).
From Proto-Germanic: Old Frisian ēk, Old English āc, Old High German eih, Old Norse eik |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɛːk/
Noun
ēk f
Declension
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ēk | ēki |
accusative | ēk | ēki |
genitive | ēki | ēkiō |
dative | ēki | ēkium |
instrumental | — | — |
Descendants
- Low German: Eek
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse eik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”).
Pronunciation
Noun
ek c
Declension
Inflection of ek | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | ek | eken | ekar | ekarna |
Genitive | eks | ekens | ekars | ekarnas |
Tocharian B
Etymology
From Proto-Tocharian *ëk, from Late Proto-Indo-European *okʷs, from *h₃okʷ-, *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). Compare Tocharian A ak.
Noun
ek
- eye
- eśane klausane ṣeycer-me kartstse yolo lkātsi klyaussisa
- "you had eyes and ears to see and hear good and evil"
- eśane klausane ṣeycer-me kartstse yolo lkātsi klyaussisa
Turkish
Noun
ek (definite accusative eki, plural ekler)
Hyponyms
Declension
benim (my) | singular (tekil) | plural (çoğul) |
---|---|---|
nominative (yalın) | ekim | eklerim |
definite accusative (belirtme) | ekimi | eklerimi |
dative (yönelme) | ekime | eklerime |
locative (bulunma) | ekimde | eklerimde |
ablative (çıkma) | ekimden | eklerimden |
genitive (tamlayan) | ekimin | eklerimin |
senin (your) | singular (tekil) | plural (çoğul) |
nominative (yalın) | ekin | eklerin |
definite accusative (belirtme) | ekini | eklerini |
dative (yönelme) | ekine | eklerine |
locative (bulunma) | ekinde | eklerinde |
ablative (çıkma) | ekinden | eklerinden |
genitive (tamlayan) | ekinin | eklerinin |
onun (her/his/its) | singular (tekil) | plural (çoğul) |
nominative (yalın) | eki | ekleri |
definite accusative (belirtme) | ekini | eklerini |
dative (yönelme) | ekine | eklerine |
locative (bulunma) | ekinde | eklerinde |
ablative (çıkma) | ekinden | eklerinden |
genitive (tamlayan) | ekinin | eklerinin |
bizim (our) | singular (tekil) | plural (çoğul) |
nominative (yalın) | ekimiz | eklerimiz |
definite accusative (belirtme) | ekimizi | eklerimizi |
dative (yönelme) | ekimize | eklerimize |
locative (bulunma) | ekimizde | eklerimizde |
ablative (çıkma) | ekimizden | eklerimizden |
genitive (tamlayan) | ekimizin | eklerimizin |
sizin (your) | singular (tekil) | plural (çoğul) |
nominative (yalın) | ekiniz | ekleriniz |
definite accusative (belirtme) | ekinizi | eklerinizi |
dative (yönelme) | ekinize | eklerinize |
locative (bulunma) | ekinizde | eklerinizde |
ablative (çıkma) | ekinizden | eklerinizden |
genitive (tamlayan) | ekinizin | eklerinizin |
onların (their) | singular (tekil) | plural (çoğul) |
nominative (yalın) | ekleri | ekleri |
definite accusative (belirtme) | eklerini | eklerini |
dative (yönelme) | eklerine | eklerine |
locative (bulunma) | eklerinde | eklerinde |
ablative (çıkma) | eklerinden | eklerinden |
genitive (tamlayan) | eklerinin | eklerinin |
simple present | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
ben (I am) | ekim | eklerim* |
sen (you are) | eksin | eklersin* |
o (he/she/it is) | ek / ektir | ekler* / eklerdir* |
biz (we are) | ekiz | ekleriz |
siz (you are) | eksiniz | eklersiniz |
onlar (they are) | ekler | eklerdir |
simple past | singular | plural |
ben (I was) | ektim | eklerdim* |
sen (you were) | ektin | eklerdin* |
o (he/she/it was) | ekti | eklerdi* |
biz (we were) | ektik | eklerdik |
siz (you were) | ektiniz | eklerdiniz |
onlar (they were) | ektiler | eklerdi |
indirect / unwitnessed past | singular | plural |
ben (I was) | ekmişim | eklermişim* |
sen (you were) | ekmişsin | eklermişsin* |
o (he/she/it was) | ekmiş | eklermiş* |
biz (we were) | ekmişiz | eklermişiz |
siz (you were) | ekmişsiniz | eklermişsiniz |
onlar (they were) | ekmişler | eklermiş |
*Not used, but perhaps rarely - chiefly grammatical formations.
Note: Plural forms are not used with adjectives. |
Verb
ek
- second-person singular imperative of ekmek
Volapük
Pronoun
ek
Declension
West Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian āk, from Proto-Germanic *auk. Compare Middle English eek (archaic English eke), Dutch ook, German auch.
Adverb
ek