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Definition 2024
厭
厭
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See also: 厌
Translingual
Han character
厭 (radical 27 厂+12, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一日月大 (MABK), four-corner 71234, composition ⿸厂猒)
Derived terms
References
- KangXi: page 162, character 51
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3025
- Dae Jaweon: page 370, character 30
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 78, character 3
- Unihan data for U+53AD
Chinese
| trad. | 厭 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 厌 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 厭
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (猒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 猒 | *qem, *qems |
| 懕 | *qem |
| 饜 | *qem, *qems |
| 嬮 | *qem, *qems, *qeb |
| 厭 | *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb |
| 黶 | *qemʔ |
| 檿 | *qemʔ |
| 魘 | *qemʔ, *qeb |
| 厴 | *qemʔ |
| 擪 | *qemʔ, *qeb |
| 壓 | *qreːb |
| 靨 | *qeb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) : semantic 厂 + phonetic 猒 (OC *qem, *qems).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
- Wade-Giles: yen4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
- IPA (key): /i̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jim1, jim3
- Yale: yīm, yim
- Cantonese Pinyin: jim1, jim3
- IPA (key): /jiːm⁵⁵/, /jiːm³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 厭 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ian⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /iã²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /iã⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ian³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /iã⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /iã²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ian¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /iɛ̃n¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ian²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /iɛn³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ian¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ian²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /iɛ̃²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /ien⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /iĩ⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ie⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /ie̞³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /ie⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /i³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /iɪ⁵¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔiẽ̞⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /j̠i⁴²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ie³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /iɛ⁴²/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /iẽ⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /iẽ⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /iɛn⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iam⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒɑm⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jim³³/ |
| Nanning | /jim³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jim³³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /iam²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /iɛŋ²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /iŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /iam²¹³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /iam³⁵/ |
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 厭 | 厭 | 厭 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 影 (34) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (153) | 鹽 (153) | 葉 (155) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 於琰切 | 於豔切 | 於葉切 |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔiᴇmX/ | /ʔiᴇmH/ | /ʔiᴇp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔiɛmX/ | /ʔiɛmH/ | /ʔiɛp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔjæmX/ | /ʔjæmH/ | /ʔjæp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔiamX/ | /ʔiamH/ | /ʔiap̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔiɛmX/ | /ʔiɛmH/ | /ʔiɛp̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ĭɛmX/ | /ĭɛmH/ | /ĭɛp̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔi̯ɛmX/ | /ʔi̯ɛmH/ | /ʔi̯ɛp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yǎn | yàn | ye |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 厭 | 厭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yā | yān |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ʔjiep › | ‹ ʔjiem › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔep/ | /*ʔem/ |
| English | press (v.) | contented (adj.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 厭 | 厭 | 厭 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 14420 | 14426 | 14431 |
| Phonetic component |
猒 | 猒 | 猒 |
| Rime group |
談 | 談 | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
黶 | 厭 | 魘 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qemʔ/ | /*qems/ | /*qeb/ |
Verb
厭
- to grow bored of/become tired of something or doing something
Japanese
Kanji
厭
Readings
- Goon: えん (en), よう (yō)
- Kan’on: えん (en), よう (yō)
- Kan’yōon: おん (on)
- On (unclassified): あん (an), おう (ō), ゆう (yū)
- Kun: あ-きる (厭きる, akiru), いと-う (厭う, itou), いや (iya), おさ-える (厭える osaeru)
Etymology 1
Shared root with 秋 (aki, "autumn"). Current meaning possibly arising from metaphorical use of the meaning "autumn".
Noun
Alternative forms
- 厭き
- 飽
- 飽き
Idioms
- 厭きが来る: One will become fed up with or lose interest in something that was formerly satisfying.
Etymology 2
Probably originally onomatopoetic, much like the English yuck.
Adjective
厭 (-na inflection, hiragana いや, romaji iya)
Inflection
Inflection of "厭な"
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 厭だろ | いやだろ | iya daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 厭で | いやで | iya de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 厭だ | いやだ | iya da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 厭な | いやな | iya na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 厭なら | いやなら | iya nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 厭であれ | いやであれ | iya de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 厭ではない 厭じゃない |
いやではない いやじゃない |
iya de wa nai iya ja nai |
| Informal past | 厭だった | いやだった | iya datta |
| Informal negative past | 厭ではなかった 厭じゃなかった |
いやではなかった いやじゃなかった |
iya de wa nakatta iya ja nakatta |
| Formal | 厭です | いやです | iya desu |
| Formal negative | 厭ではありません 厭じゃありません |
いやではありません いやじゃありません |
iya de wa arimasen iya ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 厭でした | いやでした | iya deshita |
| Formal negative past | 厭ではありませんでした 厭じゃありませんでした |
いやではありませんでした いやじゃありませんでした |
iya de wa arimasen deshita iya ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 厭で | いやで | iya de |
| Conditional | 厭なら（ば） | いやなら（ば） | iya nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 厭だったら | いやだったら | iya dattara |
| Volitional | 厭だろう | いやだろう | iya darō |
| Adverbial | 厭に | いやに | iya ni |
| Degree | 厭さ | いやさ | iyasa |
Interjection
Korean
Hanja
厭 • (yeom, yeop) (hangeul 염, 엽, revised yeom, yeop, McCune-Reischauer yŏm, yŏp, Yale yem, yep)
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