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Definition 2024
息
息
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
息 (radical 61 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹山心 (HUP), four-corner 26330, composition ⿱自心)
References
- KangXi: page 385, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10601
- Dae Jaweon: page 717, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2291, character 4
- Unihan data for U+606F
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
息 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (息) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 息 | *slɯɡ |
| 熄 | *slɯɡ |
| 媳 | *slɯɡ |
| 鄎 | *slɯɡ |
| 瘜 | *slɯɡ |
| 蒠 | *slɯɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 自 (“nose”) + 心 (“heart”) – to breath (life) through one’s nose. Note that this uses the older meaning of 自, as “nose”, rather than “self”.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sik1, sak1
- Min Dong (BUC): sék
- Min Nan (POJ): siak / sek / sit
- Wu (Wiktionary): xiq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
- Wade-Giles: hsih1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
- IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ
- Wade-Giles: hsih2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyi
- IPA (key): /ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: sik1, sak1
- Yale: sīk, sāk
- Cantonese Pinyin: sik7, sak7
- IPA (key): /sɪk̚⁵/, /sɐk̚⁵/
- Note: sik1 - usual pronunciation; sak1 - only in the sense “great-grandchild”.
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sék
- IPA (key): /sɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
- Tâi-lô: siak
- Phofsit Daibuun: siag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
- Tâi-lô: sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: seg
- IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
- Tâi-lô: sit
- Phofsit Daibuun: sid
- IPA (Taipei): /ɕit̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕit̚³²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕit̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: xiq (T4)
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 息 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕi⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin |
/ɕi²¹/ /ɕi⁵³/ |
|
| Jinan | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /si⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /si²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /ɕi²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ɕji⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɕi¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɕi¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /ɕi³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɕi²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ɕi³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /siʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /ɕiʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ɕiəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɕiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /siəʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /sei²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /siʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /si⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /si²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /si²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɕiʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sit̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /sit̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sek̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /ɬek̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /sik̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/sik̚³²/ /sit̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /sɛiʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /si²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /sek̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/tek̚⁵/ 利～ /tit̚⁵/ 曾孫 |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 息 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 相即切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/sɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/sɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/siek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/sik̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/siək̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/sĭək̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/si̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
xi |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 息 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13332 |
| Phonetic component |
息 |
| Rime group |
職 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
息 |
| Old Chinese |
/*slɯɡ/ |
| Notes | 說文自亦聲 |
Definitions
息
- to breathe; to pant
- to sigh; to blow
- to stop; to subside; to cease
- to put a stop to; to stop
- to rest; to have a rest
- to grow; to develop
- to calm down; to appease
- breath; life
- one's own children
- (Cantonese) great-grandchild
- interest; dividends
- message; news
Compounds
Derived terms from 息
|
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
息
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 息 |
|
いき Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
- breath
- 息をする
- iki o suru
- breathe
- 息をする
See also
References
- ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
息 • (sik) (hangeul 식, revised sik, McCune-Reischauer sik, Yale sik)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Okinawan
Kanji
息
Etymology
Cognate with mainland Japanese 息 (iki).
Noun
息 (hiragana いーち, romaji īchi)
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
息 (tức)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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