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Definition 2024
桌
桌
See also: 棹
Translingual
Han character
桌 (radical 75 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜日木 (YAD), four-corner 21904, composition ⿱⺊杲)
References
- KangXi: page 525, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14766
- Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1198, character 1
- Unihan data for U+684C
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
桌 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
From 卓 (zhuó), with the bottom 十 replaced by 木 (“wood”) to indicate specifically the sense of "table".
Etymology
From 卓 (zhuó, “high”), as tables are relatively tall (compared to other furnitures like 几).
Similar descriptive derivations for furnitures include: 登 (“to climb”) > 凳 (“stool”); 倚 (“to lean”) > 椅 (“chair”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zoek3, coek3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chok
- Min Dong (BUC): dó̤h
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): tsoq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛ
- Wade-Giles: chuo1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juo
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zoek3, coek3
- Yale: jeuk, cheuk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoek8, tsoek8
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕœːk̚³/, /t͡ɕʰœːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chok
- Hakka Romanization System: zog`
- Hagfa Pinyim: zog5
- IPA: /t͡sok̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤h
- IPA (key): /tɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tok
- Tâi-lô: tok
- Phofsit Daibuun: dog
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen): /tɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: toh
- Tâi-lô: toh
- Phofsit Daibuun: doiq
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tɤʔ⁵/
- IPA (Taipei): /toʔ³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤʔ³²/
- IPA (Xiamen): /tɤʔ³²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɤʔ³²/
- Note: tok - literary; toh - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: doh4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: toh
- IPA (key): /toʔ²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tsoq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡sʊʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 桌 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂuo⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/ʈ͡ʂuo⁴⁴/ /t͡suo⁴⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin |
/ʈ͡ʂuo²¹/ /t͡suo²¹/ |
|
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂuə²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂuə⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂuo²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /p͡fo²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂuə¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /p͡fə¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡suɤ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡suo²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡so³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡so²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂo³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂoʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂuɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suaʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡suʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡suaʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡soʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕo²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sɔʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡so⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡so²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂo²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɔʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sok̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡sok̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰœk̚³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sœk̚³³/ | |
| Hong Kong |
/t͡sœk̚³/ /t͡sʰœk̚³/ |
|
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/tɔk̚³²/ /toʔ³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tɔʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /tɔ²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /toʔ²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/ʔdo⁵⁵/ /so³¹/ 訓床 |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 桌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 覺 (10) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 竹角切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʈˠʌk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈᵚɔk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȶɔk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈaɨwk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȶɔk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȶɔk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȶɔk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhuo |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 桌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhuō |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ træwk › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tˤrawk/ (no pre-Qín exx.) |
| English | table |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 桌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17767 |
| Phonetic component |
卓 |
| Rime group |
藥 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
斲 |
| Old Chinese |
/*rteːwɢ/ |
| Notes | 卓古文，又今義亦卓晚起分化字 |
Definitions
桌
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 桌子 (“table”) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 桌 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 桌子 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 桌子 |
| Taiwan | 桌子 | |
| Tianjin | 桌子 | |
| Jinan | 桌子 | |
| Xi'an | 桌子 | |
| Wuhan | 桌子 | |
| Chengdu | 桌子 | |
| Yangzhou | 桌子 | |
| Hefei | 桌子 | |
| Malaysia | 桌子、檯子 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 檯 |
| Hong Kong | 檯 | |
| Taishan | 檯 | |
| Yangjiang | 檯 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 桌子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 桌仔 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 桌仔 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 桌仔 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 桌仔 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 桌 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 桌仔、桌 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 桌 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 桌子 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 桌 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 桌 |
| Min Nan | Quanzhou | 桌、桌仔 |
| Xiamen | 桌、桌仔 | |
| Zhangzhou | 桌 | |
| Taipei | 桌仔 | |
| Kaohsiung | 桌仔 | |
| Tainan | 桌仔 | |
| Taichung | 桌仔 | |
| Yilan | 桌仔 | |
| Lukang | 桌仔 | |
| Sanxia | 桌仔 | |
| Kinmen | 桌 | |
| Magong | 桌 | |
| Hsinchu | 桌仔 | |
| Malaysia | 桌 | |
| Chaozhou | 床 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 檯子 |
| Suzhou | 檯子 | |
| Wenzhou | 桌 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 桌子 |
| Shuangfeng | 桌子 | |
Derived terms
|
Descendants
Others:
Japanese
Kanji
桌
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Readings
Vietnamese
Han character
- Hán Việt: trác, trạo
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