Definify.com
Definition 2025
檻
檻
Translingual
Han character
檻 (radical 75 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木尸戈廿 (DSIT) or 木尸一廿 (DSMT), four-corner 48917, composition ⿰木監)
References
- KangXi: page 558, character 47
 - Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15745
 - Dae Jaweon: page 948, character 16
 - Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1307, character 14
 - Unihan data for U+6ABB
 
Chinese
| trad. | 檻 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 槛 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (監) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 藍 | *ɡ·raːm | 
| 襤 | *ɡ·raːm | 
| 籃 | *ɡ·raːm | 
| 懢 | *ɡ·raːm, *ɡ·raːms | 
| 儖 | *ɡ·raːm | 
| 蘫 | *ɡ·raːm, *qʰlaːms | 
| 攬 | *ɡ·raːmʔ | 
| 欖 | *ɡ·raːmʔ | 
| 覽 | *ɡ·raːmʔ | 
| 爁 | *ɡ·raːmʔ, *ɡ·raːms, *ɡ·rams | 
| 擥 | *ɡ·raːmʔ | 
| 灠 | *ɡ·raːmʔ | 
| 濫 | *ɡ·raːms, *ɡraːmʔ | 
| 嚂 | *ɡ·raːms, *kʰlaːms, *qʰlaːmʔ | 
| 纜 | *ɡ·raːms | 
| 監 | *kraːm, *kraːms | 
| 礛 | *kraːm | 
| 鑑 | *kraːm, *kraːms, *kraːms | 
| 艦 | *ɡraːmʔ | 
| 檻 | *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms | 
| 壏 | *ɡraːmʔ | 
| 轞 | *ɡraːmʔ | 
| 鹽 | *ɡ·lam, *ɡ·lams | 
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms) : semantic 木 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).
Etymology
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kram (“fence, garden”). Cognate with Burmese ခြံ (hkram, “fence; garden; to surround”). Also compare Tibetan ཁྲམ (khram, “notched wood”) (> ཁྲམ་ཁ (khram kha, “cut, notch [in wood]”), ཁྲམ་ཤིང (khram shing, “tallystick”)).
Pronunciation 1
-  Mandarin
-  (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
 - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
 - Wade-Giles: chien4
 - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
 - IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
 
 
 -  (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
 -  Cantonese
-  (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: haam5
 - Yale: háahm
 - Cantonese Pinyin: haam5
 - IPA (key): /hɑːm¹³/
 
 
 -  (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
 -  Min Dong
-  (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kāng
 - IPA (key): /kʰaŋ³³/
 
 
 -  (Fuzhou)
 
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 檻 | 
| Reading # | 1/1 | 
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 
| Final (韻) | 銜 (149) | 
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | 
| Openness (開合) | Open | 
| Division (等) | II | 
| Fanqie | 胡黤切 | 
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang  | 
/ɦˠamX/ | 
| Pan Wuyun  | 
/ɦᵚamX/ | 
| Shao Rongfen  | 
/ɣamX/ | 
| Edwin Pulleyblank  | 
/ɦaɨmX/ | 
| Li Rong  | 
/ɣamX/ | 
| Wang Li  | 
/ɣamX/ | 
| Bernard Karlgren  | 
/ɣamX/ | 
| Expected Mandarin Reflex  | 
xiàn | 
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 檻 | 檻 | 檻 | 
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin)  | 
jiàn | jiàn | jiàn | 
| Middle Chinese  | 
‹ hæmX › | ‹ hæmX › | ‹ hamX › | 
| Old Chinese  | 
/*[ɡ]ˤramʔ/ | /*[ɡ]ˤramʔ/ | /*[ɡ]ˤamʔ/ | 
| English | straight-jetted (water) | railing; cage | railing; cage | 
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: 					* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;  | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 檻 | 檻 | 
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 
| No. | 6110 | 6114 | 
| Phonetic component  | 
監 | 監 | 
| Rime group  | 
談 | 談 | 
| Rime subdivision  | 
1 | 1 | 
| Corresponding MC rime  | 
檻 | 㽉 | 
| Old Chinese  | 
/*ɡraːmʔ/ | /*ɡraːms/ | 
| Notes | 原文木在下,集韻注或書檻 | |
Definitions
檻
Pronunciation 2
-  Mandarin
-  (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
 - Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˇ
 - Wade-Giles: k'an3
 - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaan
 -  IPA (key): /kʰa̠n²¹⁴/
 
 -  (Standard Chinese, Beijing, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
 - Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˇㄦ
 - Wade-Giles: k'anrh3
 - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaal
 - IPA (key): /kʰɑɻ²¹⁴/
 
 
 -  (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
 -  Cantonese
-  (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: laam6
 - Yale: laahm
 - Cantonese Pinyin: laam6
 - IPA (key): /lɑːm²²/
 
 
 -  (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
 -  Min Dong
-  (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kāng
 - IPA (key): /kʰaŋ³³/
 
 
 -  (Fuzhou)
 -  Wu
-  (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: khe (T2)
 - IPA (key): /kʰᴇ³⁴/
 
 
 -  (Shanghainese)
 
Definitions
檻
Compounds
  | 
Japanese
Kanji
-  This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text 
{{rfdef}}. 
Readings
Korean
Hanja
檻 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune-Reischauer ham, Yale ham)
-  This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text 
{{rfdef}}.