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Definition 2024
爾
爾
Translingual
Han character
爾 (radical 89 爻+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一火月大 (MFBK), four-corner 10227)
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 691, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19750
- Dae Jaweon: page 1104, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 27, character 1
- Unihan data for U+723E
Chinese
| trad. | 爾 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 尔 | |
| alt. forms |
𠇍 尔 尓 尒 |
|
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄦˇ
- Wade-Giles: êrh3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eel
- IPA (key): /ˀɤɻ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ji5
- Yale: yíh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji5
- IPA (key): /jiː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngî
- Hakka Romanization System: ngi´
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngi1
- IPA: /ɲi²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní / jíⁿ
- Tâi-lô: ní / jínn
- Phofsit Daibuun: nie, jvie
- IPA (Xiamen): /ni⁵³/, /d͡ʑĩ⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ni⁵⁵⁴/, /d͡ʑĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ni⁵³/, /d͡ʑĩ⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ni⁵³/, /d͡ʑĩ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ni⁴¹/, /d͡ʑĩ⁴¹/
- Note: jíⁿ - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 爾 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /əɻ²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ɚ²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ə¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /əɻ⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao |
/əɻ⁵⁵/ /ɭə⁵⁵/ |
|
| Zhengzhou | /ɭ⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /əɻ⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /ɛ⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /əɻ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɯ⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɚ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɯ⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /əɻ⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɚ⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /ə⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /əɻ²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /a²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /əɻ⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | /əɻ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /aɻ⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /əl²³/ |
| Suzhou | /əl⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /əl⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /zz̩³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian |
/ɛ⁴⁴/ /n̩³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | ||
| Xiang | Changsha | /ə⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /e⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɵ²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian |
/ni⁴⁴/ /ni³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ni¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ji²³/ |
| Nanning | /ji²⁴/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ji²³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /ni⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /i³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /œ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /zɯ⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /le³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 爾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 兒氏切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵiᴇX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ȵiɛX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑjɛX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵiə̆X/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȵieX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȵʑǐeX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑie̯X/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ěr |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 爾 | 爾 | 爾 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
ěr | ěr | ěr |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nejX › | ‹ nyeX › | ‹ nyeX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*nˤ[ə][r]ʔ/ | /*n[ə][r]ʔ/ | /*n[ə][r]ʔ/ |
| English | numerous | (adv. suffix) | you(r) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 爾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2817 |
| Phonetic component |
爾 |
| Rime group |
歌 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
爾 |
| Old Chinese |
/*njelʔ/ |
| Notes | 說文尒聲，甲金文象檷初文，取林義光說 |
Definitions
爾
- you
- that, those
- final particle
- used in transliteration
Compounds
- (Min Nan) 爾我／尔我 (jíⁿ-ngó͘, ní-ngó͘), 爾朱／尔朱 (ní-chu)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 爾 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /əɻ²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ɚ²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ə¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /əɻ⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao |
/əɻ⁵⁵/ /ɭə⁵⁵/ |
|
| Zhengzhou | /ɭ⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /əɻ⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /ɛ⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /əɻ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɯ⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɚ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɯ⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /əɻ⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɚ⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /ə⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /əɻ²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /a²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /əɻ⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | /əɻ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /aɻ⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /əl²³/ |
| Suzhou | /əl⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /əl⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /zz̩³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian |
/ɛ⁴⁴/ /n̩³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | ||
| Xiang | Changsha | /ə⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /e⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɵ²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian |
/ni⁴⁴/ /ni³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ni¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ji²³/ |
| Nanning | /ji²⁴/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ji²³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /ni⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /i³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /œ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /zɯ⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /le³¹/ |
Definitions
爾
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds
Japanese
Noun
- (archaic, vulgar) you
爾 (hiragana なんじ, romaji nanji)
Interjection
爾 (hiragana しか, romaji shika)
Kanji
爾
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
- Goon: に (ni)
- Kan’on: じ (ji)
- Kun: おれ (ore), しか (shika), しかり (shikari), その (sono), なんじ (nanji), のみ (nomi)
- Nanori: あきら (akira), ちか (chika), み (mi), みつる (mitsuru)
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
爾 • (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune-Reischauer i, Yale i)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
爾 (nhãi, nhĩ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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