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Definition 2024
甲
甲
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Alternative forms
Han character
甲 (radical 102 田+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田中 (WL), four-corner 60500, composition ⿻囗十)
- armor, shell
- fingernails
- the first of the ten heavenly stems
Derived characters
- 㘡, 㳌, 䆘, 䖬, 䘥, 䛅, 匣, 呷, 庘, 柙, 炠, 狎, 玾, 笚, 翈, 胛, 舺, 鉀 (钾), 閘 (闸), 魻, 鴨 (鸭), 𠇺, 𠒛, 𠖹, 𡊠, 𡭵, 𢦦, 𢼓, 𣢗, 𣫹, 𤙇, 𤱋, 𤱢, 𤱣, 𤲍, 𤲰, 𤳅, 𤳵, 𤵭, 𥑐, 𥩫, 𦭖, 𧆥, 𧿵, 𨒇, 𨸺, 𩂘, 𩚲, 𩲳, 𩿼, 𪀋, 𪀌, 𪚧
References
- KangXi: page 758, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21725
- Dae Jaweon: page 1167, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2525, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7532
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 甲
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (甲) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 笚 | *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb |
| 閘 | *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb |
| 鉀 | *klaːb, *kraːb |
| 甲 | *kraːb |
| 胛 | *kraːb |
| 岬 | *kraːb |
| 押 | *kraːb, *qraːb |
| 玾 | *kraːb |
| 呷 | *qʰraːb |
| 匣 | *ɡraːb |
| 狎 | *ɡraːb |
| 柙 | *ɡraːb |
| 翈 | *ɡraːb |
| 炠 | *ɡraːb |
| 鴨 | *qraːb |
| 庘 | *qraːb |
Pictogram (象形) : a turtle shell.
Etymology 1
|
simp. and trad. |
甲 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms |
𠇚 𡴌 𤰒 鉀／钾 |
|
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“shell; shield”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ
- Wade-Giles: chia3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jea
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯a̠²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gaap3
- Yale: gaap
- Cantonese Pinyin: gaap8
- IPA (key): /kɑːp̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap
- Hakka Romanization System: gab`
- Hagfa Pinyim: gab5
- IPA: /kap̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 甲 | 甲 (指甲) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕia²¹⁴/ | /t͡ɕia⁰/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/ | /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ | /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕia²⁴/ | /t͡ɕia²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕia²¹/ | /t͡ɕia²¹/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/ | /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕia¹³/ | /t͡ɕia¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕia¹³/ | /t͡ɕia³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕia⁵¹/ | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ |
/ka²¹³/ 舊 /t͡ɕia²¹³/ 新 |
|
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕia³¹/ | /t͡ɕia³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕia²¹/ | /t͡ɕia²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕia̠³¹/ | /t͡ɕia̠³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiaʔ²/ | /t͡ɕiaʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁵/ | /kʰaʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /kaʔ⁵/ | /kaʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ka²¹³/ | /ka²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /kaʔ²¹/ | /kaʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /kɔ⁵/ | /kɔ⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/t͡ɕia²⁴/ /ka²⁴/ |
/t͡ɕia²⁴/ /ka²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕiɒ²⁴/ | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kaʔ⁵/ | /kaʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kap̚¹/ | /kap̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /kɑp̚²²/ | /kɑp̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kap̚³/ | /kap̚³/ |
| Nanning | /kap̚³³/ | /kɛp̚³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kap̚³/ | /kap̚³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/kap̚³²/ /kaʔ³²/ |
/kap̚³²/ /kaʔ³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kɑʔ²³/ | /kɑʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ka²⁴/ | /ka²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kaʔ²/ | /kaʔ²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /ka⁵⁵/ | /ka⁵⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 狎 (150) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古狎切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kˠap̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kᵚap̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kap̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kaɨp̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/kap̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/kap̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kap̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jia |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jiǎ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kæp › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[k]ˤr[a]p/ |
| English | 1st heavenly stem; fingernail |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5931 |
| Phonetic component |
甲 |
| Rime group |
盍 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
甲 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kraːb/ |
| Notes | 甲金文作十或田，象龜甲裂紋 |
Definitions
甲
- armor
- shell
- nail (plate at the end of fingers and toes)
- the first heavenly stem
- number one; first; A
- A surname.
Compounds
Derived terms from 甲
|
|
|
Etymology 2
|
simp. and trad. |
甲 | |
|---|---|---|
Borrowing from Dutch akker (“field”) or morgen (“morning”).[1]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ
- Wade-Giles: chia3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jea
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯a̠²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap
- Hakka Romanization System: gab`
- Hagfa Pinyim: gab5
- IPA: /kap̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah
- Tâi-lô: kah
- Phofsit Daibuun: kaq
- IPA (Xiamen): /kaʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kaʔ⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaʔ³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kaʔ³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaʔ³²/
- (Hokkien)
Definitions
甲
- (Taiwan) unit of land (area) measure, equivalent to 2,934 坪 (píng) or 0.97 hectares,[2] roughly 2.1 acres
Etymology 3
|
simp. and trad. |
甲 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms |
𢓜 徦 到 |
|
From 到 (kàu).
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲 (Min Nan)
Pronunciation
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka̍h
- Tâi-lô: ka̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: kah
- IPA (Xiamen): /kaʔ⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kaʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
Definitions
甲
Etymology 4
Probably from 敢 (kám, káⁿ).
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲 (Min Nan)
- how is it that; how could
-
- 港邊的風將阮的目屎吹乾，卡拉OK甲點一塊快樂的演歌？ [Taiwanese, trad.]
- 港边的风将阮的目屎吹干，卡拉OK甲点一块快乐的演歌？ [Taiwanese, simp.]
- From: 詹雅雯, 單身的演歌
- Káng-piⁿ ê hong chiong gún ê ba̍k-sái chhoe ta, kha-lá-ó͘-khe kah tiám chi̍t tè khoài-lo̍k ê ián-kah? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- The wind at the harbourside blows my tears dry; how could the karaoke choose a happy enka?
-
- (Taiwan) since; as
Etymology 5
|
simp. and trad. |
甲 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲
- (Min Nan) Alternative form of 佮 (kah, kap, “and; with”).
-
- 山珍海味，啤露甲威士忌，咱坐乎圓圓，大家大賺錢。 [Taiwanese, trad.]
- 山珍海味，啤露甲威士忌，咱坐乎圆圆，大家大赚钱。 [Taiwanese, simp.]
- From: 張秀卿 (Chang Hsiu-ching), 加油 (Gan Ba-De)
- San-tin-hái-bī, bì-lù kah ui-sū-kī, lán chē hō͘ îⁿ-îⁿ, ta̍k-ke tōa thàn-chîⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- A feast of great food, beer and whisky, let's sit around and earn big money.
-
Etymology 6
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲
References
- ↑ Andrade, Tonio (2005), “Appendix A: Weights, Measures, and Exchange Rates”, in How Taiwan Became Chinese: Dutch, Spanish and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century, Columbia University Press, ISBN 9780231503686.
- ↑ “Entry #1857”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
甲
Readings
- Goon: きょう (kyō)
- Kan’on: こう (kō) > かふ (kafu)
- Kan’yōon: かん (kan)
- Kun: よろい (yoroi) > よろひ (yorohi), つめ (tsume), きのえ (kinoe)
Compounds
- 甲虫 (kōchū)
Noun
甲 (hiragana こう, romaji kō, historical hiragana かふ)
- carapace, shell
- first in rank
- instep or the back of the hand
- the first party
甲 (hiragana よろい, romaji yoroi, historical hiragana よろひ)
- armor
甲 (hiragana きのえ, romaji kinoe)
- first sign of the Chinese calendar
- treble range
Alternative forms
Korean
Hanja
甲 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune-Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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