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Definition 2024
立
立
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
See also: ᇁ
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
立 (radical 117 立+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿 (YT), four-corner 00108)
Derived characters
Related characters
References
- KangXi: page 870, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25721
- Dae Jaweon: page 1299, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2706, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7ACB
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
立 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 立
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (立) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 涖 | *rɯːbs, *rɯbs |
| 莅 | *rɯbs, *rɯbs |
| 蒞 | *rɯbs |
| 位 | *ɢʷrɯbs |
| 拉 | *ruːb |
| 菈 | *ruːb |
| 颯 | *sluːb |
| 立 | *rɯb |
| 粒 | *rɯb |
| 笠 | *ɡ·rɯb |
| 砬 | *rɯb |
| 岦 | *rɯb |
| 苙 | *ɡ·rɯb, *ɡrɯb |
| 鴗 | *rɯb |
| 雴 | *r̥ʰɯb |
| 泣 | *kʰrɯb |
Pictogram (象形) – a person standing on the ground; compare 亦 (OC *laːɡ).
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-r(j)ap (“to stand”). Cognate with 位 (OC *ɢʷrɯbs).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): li̍p
- Min Dong (BUC): lĭk
- Min Nan (POJ): li̍p
- Wu (Wiktionary): liq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
- Wade-Giles: lih4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
- IPA (key): /li⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: lap6, laap6
- Yale: lahp, laahp
- Cantonese Pinyin: lap9, laap9
- IPA (key): /lɐp̚²/, /lɑːp̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lip5
- IPA (key): /lip̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: li̍p
- Hakka Romanization System: lib
- Hagfa Pinyim: lib6
- IPA: /lip̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lĭk
- IPA (key): /l̃iʔ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: li̍p
- Tâi-lô: li̍p
- Phofsit Daibuun: lip
- IPA (Xiamen): /lip̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lip̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /lip̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /lip̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /lip̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: liq (T5)
- IPA (key): /li̯ɪʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 立 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /li⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /li⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /li⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /li²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /li⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /li²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /li²¹/ | |
| Xining | /l̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /li¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /li¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /li²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ni²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /ni³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /ni²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /li³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /liʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /liəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /liəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /liʌʔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /liəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /liɪʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /liəʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /liəʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /li²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /li²²/ |
| Tunxi | /li¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /li²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /ni²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /liʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /lip̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /lip̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou |
/lap̚²/ /lɐp̚²/ |
| Nanning | /lɐp̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong |
/lap̚²/ /lɐp̚²/ |
|
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /lip̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /liʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /li⁴²/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /lip̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/lip̚⁵/ /lip̚³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 立 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 緝 (141) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力入切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/liɪp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/lip̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ljep̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/lip̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/liəp̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/lĭĕp̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/li̯əp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
lì |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 立 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
lì |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ lip › |
| Old Chinese |
/*k.rəp/ |
| English | stand (v.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 立 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7869 |
| Phonetic component |
立 |
| Rime group |
緝 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
立 |
| Old Chinese |
/*rɯb/ |
Definitions
立
- to stand
- to set up; to establish
- to institute; to lay down; to draw up; to compose (legal document)
- to exist; to live
- standing
- upright; vertical
- immediately; at once
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 站 (“to stand”) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 立 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 站立 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 站 |
| Taiwan | 站 | |
| Tianjin | 站 | |
| Jinan | 站 | |
| Xi'an | 站、立 | |
| Wuhan | 站 | |
| Chengdu | 站、立 | |
| Yangzhou | 站 | |
| Hefei | 站 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 企 |
| Hong Kong | 企 | |
| Taishan | 企 | |
| Yangjiang | 企 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 企、站 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 企 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 企 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 企 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 企 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 企 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 企 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 企 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 站 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 徛 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 徛 |
| Min Nan | Quanzhou | 徛 |
| Xiamen | 徛 | |
| Zhangzhou | 徛 | |
| Taipei | 徛 | |
| Kaohsiung | 徛 | |
| Tainan | 徛 | |
| Taichung | 徛 | |
| Yilan | 徛 | |
| Lukang | 徛 | |
| Sanxia | 徛 | |
| Kinmen | 徛 | |
| Magong | 徛 | |
| Hsinchu | 徛 | |
| Malaysia | 徛 | |
| Chaozhou | 企 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 立 |
| Wenzhou | 徛 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 站、企 |
| Shuangfeng | 企 | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 立
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|
|
Etymology 2
From litre
Pronunciation
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: li̍p
- Tâi-lô: li̍p
- Phofsit Daibuun: lip
- IPA (Xiamen): /lip̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lip̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /lip̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /lip̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /lip̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 立 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /li⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /li⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /li⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /li²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /li⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /li²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /li²¹/ | |
| Xining | /l̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /li¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /li¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /li²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ni²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /ni³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /ni²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /li³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /liʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /liəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /liəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /liʌʔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /liəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /liɪʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /liəʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /liəʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /li²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /li²²/ |
| Tunxi | /li¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /li²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /ni²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /liʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /lip̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /lip̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou |
/lap̚²/ /lɐp̚²/ |
| Nanning | /lɐp̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong |
/lap̚²/ /lɐp̚²/ |
|
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /lip̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /liʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /li⁴²/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /lip̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/lip̚⁵/ /lip̚³/ |
Definitions
立
Japanese
Kanji
立
Readings
- Goon: りゅう (ryū)
- Kan’on: りゅう (ryū)
- Kan’yōon: りつ (ritsu)
- Kun: たつ (tatsu), たてる (tateru), たちどころ (tachidokoro)
Compounds
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 立 |
|
りっとる Grade: 1 |
| Irregular |
Ateji (当て字).
Noun
立 (katakana リットル, romaji rittoru)
- Rare spelling of リットル.