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Definition 2024
身
身
Translingual
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Han character
身 (radical 158 身+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹X竹 (HXH), four-corner 27400)
- Kangxi radical #158, ⾝ (“body”).
References
- KangXi: page 1237, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38034
- Dae Jaweon: page 1709, character 36
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3807, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8EAB
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
身 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 身
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (身) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 身 | *qʰjin |
| 銵 | *kʰriːŋ |
Pictogram (象形) : from a pictograph of a pregnant woman.
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): san1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂n
- Min Dong (BUC): sĭng
- Min Nan (POJ): sin / sian
- Wu (Wiktionary): sen (T1)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄣ
- Wade-Giles: shên1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shen
- IPA (key): /ʂən⁵⁵/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: san1
- Yale: sān
- Cantonese Pinyin: san1
- IPA (key): /sɐn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂n
- Hakka Romanization System: siin´
- Hagfa Pinyim: sin1
- IPA: /sɨn²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭng
- IPA (key): /siŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: sen (T1)
- IPA (key): /səɲ⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 身 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂən⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /ʂən⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin |
/ʂən²¹/ /sən²¹/ |
|
| Jinan | /ʂẽ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʃə̃²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʂən²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /ʂẽ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ʂə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʂəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʂə̃n³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʂɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /sən⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /sən⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /sen⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /ʂə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʂən³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /ʂən²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /səŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /ʂəŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /sə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /səŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /sən⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /sen³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /saŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕiʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /ɕian¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʂən³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /sən³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sɨn⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sən⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʃen²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐn⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /sɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /sɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/sin⁵⁵/ /sian⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /siŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /seiŋ⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /siŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /tin²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 身 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 失人切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɕiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɕin/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɕjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɕin/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɕiĕn/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɕĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɕi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
shēn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 身 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
shēn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ syin › |
| Old Chinese |
/*n̥i[ŋ]/ |
| English | body; self |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 身 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11247 |
| Phonetic component |
身 |
| Rime group |
眞 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
申 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qʰjin/ |
| Notes | 甲金文象人鼓其腹，表其身有孕，非申聲 |
Definitions
身
- (anatomy) body
- (figuratively) body; main part
- pregnancy
- oneself
- in person; personally
- I; me
- life; one's (entire) life
- social status
- moral character
- Classifier for suits of clothes.
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢ
- Wade-Giles: chüan1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuan
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gyun1, jyun4
- Yale: gyūn, yùhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: gyn1, jyn4
- IPA (key): /kyːn⁵⁵/, /jyːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
Definitions
身
- Only used in 身毒 (Juāndú).
Compounds
Derived terms from 身
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Japanese
Kanji
身
Readings
- Goon: しん (shin)
- Kan’on: しん (shin)
- Kun: み (mi), むくろ (mukuro) (non-Jōyō reading), む (mu) (non-Jōyō reading)
Compounds
Compounds
|
|
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
|
み Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Cognate with 実 (mi, “seed, fruit, offspring”).[1]
Standalone form of mu below. May derive as mu + い (i, emphatic nominative particle). See also the etymology of 神 (kami, kamu).
Pronunciation
Noun
- a body
- By extension:
Derived terms
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
|
む Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Bound form of mi above, only found in compounds.
Pronunciation
Noun
- a body
Derived terms
Derived terms
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
|
むくろ Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Compound of 身 (mu, “body”, bound form of standalone mi) + くろ (kuro). The derivation of the kuro element is uncertain, but it might be an alteration or ancient form of 幹 (kara, “trunk, main part”).[1]
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
身 (hiragana むくろ, romaji mukuro)
- a living body
- 720, 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”), Volume 7, in the section on 景行天皇 (Keikō-tennō, Emperor Keikō):
- 身體長大
- 人となり、むくろ長く大きにして
- hitotonari, mukuro takaku ōki ni shite
- His personality and body were lofty and great
- 720, 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”), Volume 7, in the section on 景行天皇 (Keikō-tennō, Emperor Keikō):
- a dead body, a corpse
- 14th century, 太平記 (Taiheiki):
- 御首は敷皮の上に落ちて質は尚坐せるが如し
- onkubi wa shikikaha no ue ni ochite mukuro wa nahozaseru ga gotoshi
- The head fell onto the hide rug, and the corpse looked as if it were sitting straight...
- 御首は敷皮の上に落ちて質は尚坐せるが如し
- 14th century, 太平記 (Taiheiki):
- a rotten tree trunk
Derived terms
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
|
しん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 身 (syin, “body, self”).
Pronunciation
Noun
- a body
Usage notes
Seldom used on its own. In isolation, the reading mi is much more common.
Derived terms
References
- 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
Korean
Hanja
身 • (sin) (hangeul 신, McCune-Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
身 (thân)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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