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Definition 2025
債
債
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See also: 债
Translingual
Han character
債 (radical 9 人+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人手一金 (OQMC), four-corner 25286, composition ⿰亻責)
References
- KangXi: page 114, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1022
- Dae Jaweon: page 244, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 207, character 10
- Unihan data for U+50B5
Chinese
| trad. | 債 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 债 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 債 | |
|---|---|
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|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (朿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 債 | *ʔsreːɡs, *ʔsreːɡ |
| 積 | *ʔseɡs, *ʔseɡ |
| 刺 | *sʰeɡs, *sʰeɡ |
| 莿 | *sʰeːɡs, *raːds |
| 刾 | *sʰeɡs |
| 朿 | *sʰeɡs |
| 漬 | *zeɡs |
| 耫 | *zraːd, *zreːɡ |
| 嘖 | *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ |
| 梀 | *sreːɡ, *sʰloːɡ, *sloːɡ, *l̥ʰoɡ |
| 捒 | *sreːɡ, *sroɡs, *sroɡs |
| 幘 | *ʔsreːɡ |
| 簀 | *ʔsreːɡ |
| 嫧 | *ʔsreːɡ, *sʰreːɡ, *sʰeɡ |
| 謮 | *ʔsreːɡ |
| 責 | *ʔsreːɡ |
| 皟 | *sʰreːɡ |
| 憡 | *sʰreːɡ |
| 策 | *sʰreːɡ |
| 筴 | *sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb |
| 拺 | *sʰreːɡ, *sreːɡ |
| 賾 | *zreːɡ |
| 鰿 | *zreːɡ, *ʔseɡ |
| 擌 | *sreːɡ |
| 蹟 | *ʔseɡ |
| 襀 | *ʔseɡ |
| 磧 | *sʰeɡ |
| 洓 | *sʰeɡ |
| 績 | *ʔseːɡ |
| 勣 | *ʔseːɡ |
| 樍 | *ʔseːɡ |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄞˋ
- Wade-Giles: chai4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jay
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zaai3
- Yale: jaai
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaai3
- IPA (key): /t͡sɑːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chai
- Hakka Romanization System: zai
- Hagfa Pinyim: zai4
- IPA: /t͡sa̯i⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chài
- Tâi-lô: tsài
- Phofsit Daibuun: zaix
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡saɪ⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡saɪ²¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡saɪ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè
- Tâi-lô: tsè
- Phofsit Daibuun: zex
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèe
- Tâi-lô: tsèe
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ²¹/
- Note: chài - literary; chè/chèe - vernacular.
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 債 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂai⁵¹/ |
| Harbin |
/t͡sai⁵³/ /ʈ͡ʂai⁵³/ |
|
| Tianjin | /t͡sai⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂɛ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂɛ⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂai³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡sai⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡sɛ²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂɛ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂɛ¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡sai²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sai³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡sai¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡sai²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂæ²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂae⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂe̞⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sai⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡sæ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sa³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡sɑ⁵¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡se̞⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡sa⁴²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian |
/t͡sa³²⁴/ /t͡sɛ³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sa⁴²/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sai⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sai⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sai⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sai⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡sɑi⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sai³³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sai³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sai³³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/t͡sai²¹/ /t͡se²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡sɑi²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡sai³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡se²¹³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/t͡sai³⁵/ /t͡sɛ³⁵/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 債 | 債 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 佳 (31) | 麥 (119) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 側賣切 | 側革切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ʃˠɛH/ | /t͡ʃˠɛk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈ͡ʂᵚæH/ | /ʈ͡ʂᵚæk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ʃæiH/ | /t͡ʃɐk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈ͡ʂaɨjH/ | /ʈ͡ʂəɨjk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ʃɛH/ | /t͡ʃɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ʃaiH/ | /t͡ʃæk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʈ͡ʂaiH/ | /ʈ͡ʂæk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhài | zhe |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 債 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhài |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsrɛH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*s-tˤrek-s/ |
| English | debt |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 債 | 債 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1744 | 1759 |
| Phonetic component |
朿 | 朿 |
| Rime group |
賜 | 錫 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
債 | 責 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsreːɡs/ | /*ʔsreːɡ/ |
Definitions
債
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Japanese
Kanji
債
Readings
Compounds
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Noun
Korean
Hanja
債 • (chae) (hangeul 채, revised chae, McCune-Reischauer ch'ae)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
債 (trái)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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