Translingual

Han character

楓 (radical 75 木+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 木竹弓戈 (DHNI), four-corner 4791₀, composition ⿰木風)

References

• KangXi: page 539, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15126
• Dae Jaweon: page 926, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1253, character 8
• Unihan data for U+6953

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation

Definitions

楓

1. maple (tree)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. maple
2. Liquidambar formosana, Chinese sweetgum tree, Formosan sweetgum tree

Readings

• Goon: ふう (fū)
• Kan’on: ほう (hō)
• Kun: かえで (kaede), かいで (kaide), かつら (katsura), おかつら (okatsura)

Compounds

Etymology 1

楓 (kaede): maple leaves and seeds.

Originally a compound of 蛙 ‎(kaeru, “frog”) +‎ 手 ‎(te, “hand”), with the te changing to de due to rendaku (連濁), and the ru dropping out over time. From the way the palmate leaves resemble a frog's foot.^[1][2]

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) かえで [kàédé] (Heiban - [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠e̞de̞]

Alternative forms

• 槭, 槭樹

Noun

楓 ‎(hiragana かえで, romaji kaede, historical hiragana かへで)

1. the maple tree
2. a color scheme for 襲 ‎(kasane, “layered kimono”, literally “layering”), where both the outer and inner layers are light green
3. a kind of 家紋 ‎(kamon, “family crest”), featuring a maple-leaf design
4. (term of endearment) a child's hand (from the resemblance in shape between a hand with splayed fingers and a maple leaf)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana in biological contexts, as カエデ.

Derived terms

Proper noun

楓 ‎(hiragana かえで, romaji Kaede)

1. A female given name.

Etymology 2

Shift in pronunciation of kaede.^[1]

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ide̞]

Noun

楓 ‎(hiragana かいで, romaji kaide)

1. (uncommon) alternate reading for kaede: the maple tree

Etymology 3

楓 (katsura): katsura leaves and seeds.

From Old Japanese. Less common spelling for 桂 ‎(katsura).^[1]

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) かつら [kàtsúrá] (Heiban - [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠t͡sɯᵝɾ̠a̠]

Noun

楓 ‎(hiragana かつら, romaji katsura)

1. 桂: the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum
2. 桂: (Chinese mythology) the kind of tree that grows on the moon

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana in biological contexts, as カツラ.

The katsura reading is rare for this kanji. When referring to the katsura tree, the 桂 spelling is used more often to avoid confusion.

Etymology 4

From Old Japanese. Alternate spelling for 男桂 ‎(okatsura, “male katsura”), an archaic name for the katsura tree.^[1] Compare 女桂 ‎(mekatsura, “female katsura: the cinnamon tree”). Appears with this reading in the 和名類聚抄 ‎(Wamyō Ruijushō), a Japanese dictionary of Chinese characters completed in 938.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [o̞ka̠t͡sɯᵝɾ̠a̠]

Noun

楓 ‎(hiragana おかつら, romaji okatsura, historical hiragana をかつら) (alternative reading hiragana おかづら, romaji okazura)

1. (obsolete) the katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum

Etymology 5

楓 (fū): sweetgum leaves and seeds.

From Middle Chinese 楓 ‎(biung).

Pronunciation

• On'yomi: Goon
• (Tokyo) ふ​う [fúꜜù] (Atamadaka - [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɸɯᵝː]

Noun

楓 ‎(hiragana ふう, romaji fū)

1. フウ: the Formosan sweetgum tree, Liquidambar formosana
2. in certain kanji compounds, the maple tree

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana in biological contexts, as フウ.

Idioms

References

1. 1 2 3 4 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. 1 2 3 4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

楓 • ‎(pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune-Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

楓 (phong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.