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Definition 2024


Translingual

Han character

(radical 39 +1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓木山 (NDU), four-corner 12410, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 277, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6933
  • Dae Jaweon: page 544, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1008, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5B54

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*qʰloːʔ, *qʰloːs
*kʰloːŋʔ

Bronze inscriptions: Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 丿 (opening) +  (child) – opening in the skull of a newborn, i.e. fontanelle.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (1)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰuŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰuŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰuŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰəwŋX/
Li
Rong
/kʰuŋX/
Wang
Li
/kʰuŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰuŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kǒng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
kǒng
Middle
Chinese
‹ khuwngX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ʰˤoŋʔ/
English (surname)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7489
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰloːŋʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. hole; aperture; opening
  2. Classifier for cave dwellings, oil wells, etc.
  3. A surname.
  4. (specifically) Short for 孔子 (Kǒngzǐ, “Confucius”).

See also

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. cavity

Readings

Compounds


Korean

Hanja

(gong)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: gong, McCune-Reischauer: kong)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(khổng, hỏng, hổng, khỏng, khủng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.