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Definition 2024

慹

慹

Translingual

Han character

慹 (radical 61 心+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土戈心 (GIP), four-corner 4533₁, composition ⿱執心)

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References

KangXi: page 401, character 2

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11149

Dae Jaweon: page 740, character 12

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2341, character 1

Unihan data for U+6179

Chinese

simp. and trad.		慹

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (執) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
騺	*tibs
摯	*tjibs
贄	*tjibs
鷙	*tjibs
墊	tiːms, diːb
慹	tjeb, ndiːb, sdib, tjib
謺	*tjeb
褺	*diːb
蓻	*stib
縶	*tib
漐	*tʰib
蟄	*dib
執	*tjib
瓡	*tjib

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): zhí (zhi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zap¹, zip³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhí
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˊ
  - Wade-Giles: chih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyr
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zap¹, zip³
  - Yale: jāp, jip
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzap⁷, dzip⁸
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐp̚⁵/, /t͡siːp̚³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiɪp̚/, /d͡ziɪp̚/, /t͡ɕiᴇp̚/, /nep̚/▼

Rime
Character	慹	慹	慹	慹
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	從 (15)	章 (23)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	緝 (141)	緝 (141)	葉 (155)	怗 (158)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III	IV
Fanqie	之入切	秦入切	之涉切	奴協切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪp̚/	/d͡ziɪp̚/	/t͡ɕiᴇp̚/	/nep̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕip̚/	/d͡zip̚/	/t͡ɕiɛp̚/	/nep̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjep̚/	/d͡zjep̚/	/t͡ɕjæp̚/	/nɛp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cip̚/	/d͡zip̚/	/ciap̚/	/nɛp̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəp̚/	/d͡ziəp̚/	/t͡ɕiɛp̚/	/nep̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕp̚/	/d͡zĭĕp̚/	/t͡ɕĭɛp̚/	/niep̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯əp̚/	/d͡zʱi̯əp̚/	/t͡ɕi̯ɛp̚/	/niep̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhi	jí	zhe	niè

Old Chinese▼

(Baxter-Sagart): /*nˤ[i]p/, /*t-nep/, /*t-nip/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjeb/, /*ndiːb/, /*sdib/, /*tjib/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慹	慹	慹
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhé	zhé	zhí
Middle Chinese	‹ nep ›	‹ tsyep ›	‹ tsyip ›
Old Chinese	/*nˤ[i]p/	/*t-nep/	/t-nip/ (dialect t-n- > *t-)
English	afraid	afraid; to fear	afraid, to fear
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慹	慹	慹	慹
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	17280	17284	17286	17291
Phonetic component	執	執	執	執
Rime group	盍	緝	緝	緝
Rime subdivision	2	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	讋	苶	集	執
Old Chinese	/*tjeb/	/*ndiːb/	/*sdib/	/*tjib/