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Definition 2024


U+53E5, 句
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53E5

[U+53E4]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+53E6]
See also: , , and

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 30 +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 心口 (PR), four-corner 27620, composition)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 171, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3234
  • Dae Jaweon: page 382, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 571, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+53E5

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*koː
*koː
*koː, *ɡo
*koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo
*koː, *koːs, *kʰoː
*koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ
*koː, *koːs, *ɡo
*koːʔ
*koːʔ
*koːʔ, *ko
*koːʔ
*koːʔ
*koːʔ
豿 *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ
*koːʔ
*koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos
*koːs
*kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ
*qʰoː
*qʰoːʔ, *qʰos
*qʰoːʔ, *ɡo
*qʰoːs
*qʰoːs, *ɡoːs
*qʰoːs
*ko
*ko
*ko
*ko
*ko
*ko
*koʔ, *kos
*kos, *ɡo
*kos
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
*qʰo, *qʰoʔ
*qʰoʔ
*qʰoʔ, *qʰos
*qʰos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo) : phonetic  (OC *kɯw, *krɯw) + semantic .

The component now resembles the unrelated .

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕy⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕy⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕy⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕy²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕy³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕy¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕy¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕy¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕi²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sz̩ʷ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕy⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕy³²⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ki⁵³/
Taoyuan /ki⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /køy³³/
Nanning /ky³³/
Hong Kong /køy³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ku²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuɔ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ky³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ku²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ku³⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
Initial () (30) (28) (28) (28)
Final () (24) (137) (24) (137)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Open Closed Open
Division () III I III I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡɨo/ /kəu/ /kɨoH/ /kəuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡio/ /kəu/ /kioH/ /kəuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡio/ /kəu/ /kioH/ /kəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/guə̆/ /kəw/ /kuə̆H/ /kəwH/
Li
Rong
/ɡio/ /ku/ /kioH/ /kuH/
Wang
Li
/ɡĭu/ /kəu/ /kĭuH/ /kəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/gi̯u/ /kə̯u/ /ki̯uH/ /kə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gōu gòu
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gōu gòu
Middle
Chinese
‹ kuw › ‹ kuwH › ‹ kjuH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˤ(r)o/ /*[k]ˤ(r)ok-s/ /*[k](r)o-s/
English curved loan for 彀 draw a bow to the full phrase

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
No. 7064 7079 7102 7108
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*koː/ /*koːs/ /*kos/ /*ɡo/
Notes 駿

Definitions

  1. sentence; phrase
  2. Classifier for sentences.
    一共 [MSC, trad.]
    一共 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā yīgòng yě méi shuō jǐ huà. [Pinyin]
    He didn't say much. [lit. He didn't many sentences.]

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term

Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (kjuH, phrase).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji ku)

  1. a short section from a longer text:
    1. a phrase or clause
    2. a sentence or line
    3. a passage or paragraph
    4. a verse from a song
    5. a stanza from a poem

Counter

(hiragana , romaji -ku)

  1. counter for stanzas from a poem or for haiku

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

(gu, gwi) (hangeul , , revised gu, gwi, McCune-Reischauer ku, kwi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(câu, , cấu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999