Definify.com
Definition 2025
曾
曾
Translingual
| Shinjitai | 曽 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 曾 |
| Traditional | 曾 |
Han character
曾 (radical 73 曰+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 金田日 (CWA), four-corner 80606)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 503, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14299
- Dae Jaweon: page 877, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1521, character 3
- Unihan data for U+66FE
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
曾 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 曾
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (曾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 潧 | *ʔsrɯn |
| 繒 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 增 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *ʔsɯːŋs |
| 憎 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 磳 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 曾 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ |
| 矰 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 罾 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 熷 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 竲 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 橧 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 譄 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 蹭 | *sʰɯːŋs |
| 層 | *zɯːŋ |
| 贈 | *zɯːŋs |
| 僧 | *sɯːŋ |
| 鬙 | *sɯːŋ |
| 甑 | *ʔsɯŋs |
| 鄫 | *zɯŋ |
| 驓 | *zɯŋ |
| 嶒 | *zɯŋ |
| 噌 | *sʰɯːŋ |
| 鏳 | *zrɯːŋ |
Pictogram (象形) – a cooker for steaming food. The derivative 甑 (OC *ʔsɯŋs) refers to the original word.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cang4
- Min Nan (POJ): chn̂g / chêng / cheng / chan
- Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄥˊ
- Wade-Giles: ts'êng2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsengr
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: cang4
- Yale: chàhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsang4
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chn̂g
- Tâi-lô: tsn̂g
- Phofsit Daibuun: zngg
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chêng
- Tâi-lô: tsîng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zeeng
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
- Tâi-lô: tsing
- Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chan
- Tâi-lô: tsan
- Phofsit Daibuun: zafn
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡san⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡san⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: zen (T3)
- IPA (key): /z̻əɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (129) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 昨楞切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/d͡zəŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/d͡zəŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/d͡zəŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/d͡zəŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/d͡zəŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/d͡zəŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/d͡zʱəŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
céng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
céng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ dzong › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[dz]ˤəŋ/ |
| English | (adverb indicating past time) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 16625 |
| Phonetic component |
曾 |
| Rime group |
蒸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
|
| Old Chinese |
/*zɯːŋ/ |
Definitions
曾
- already; ever; once (in the past); previously
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄥ
- Wade-Giles: tsêng1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzeng
- IPA (key): /t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zang1
- Yale: jāng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzang1
- IPA (key): /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chan
- Tâi-lô: tsan
- Phofsit Daibuun: zafn
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡san⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡san³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡san⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡san⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡san⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
- Tâi-lô: tsing
- Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng
- Tâi-lô: tsng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zngf
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍³³/
- Note: cheng/chng - literary; chan - vernacular (including surname).
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tsen (T1)
- IPA (key): /t͡səɲ⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (129) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 作滕切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡səŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡səŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡səŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡səŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡səŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡səŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡səŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zēng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zēng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsong › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ts]ˤəŋ/ |
| English | remote (ancestor) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 16616 |
| Phonetic component |
曾 |
| Rime group |
蒸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
|
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsɯːŋ/ |
| Notes | 朱芳圃云爲甑初文,非形聲字 |
Definitions
曾
- great-
- (literary) unexpectedly
- (literary) Alternative form of 增 (zēng, “to increase”).
- A surname.
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
Korean
Hanja
曾 • (jeung) (hangeul 증, revised jeung, McCune-Reischauer chŭng, Yale cung)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.



