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Definition 2024

句

句

句 U+53E5, 句
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53E5
← 古
[U+53E4] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 另 →
[U+53E6]
See also: 可, 旬, and 勾

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

句 (radical 30 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 心口 (PR), four-corner 27620, composition ⿹勹口)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 171, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3234
  • Dae Jaweon: page 382, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 571, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+53E5

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 句

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 句
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
勾 *koː
鉤 *koː
鴝 *koː, *ɡo
句 *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo
夠 *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː
枸 *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ
軥 *koː, *koːs, *ɡo
狗 *koːʔ
苟 *koːʔ
岣 *koːʔ, *ko
笱 *koːʔ
玽 *koːʔ
耇 *koːʔ
豿 *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ
敂 *koːʔ
怐 *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos
雊 *koːs
竘 *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ
齁 *qʰoː
呴 *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos
蚼 *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo
豞 *qʰoːs
訽 *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs
佝 *qʰoːs
拘 *ko
駒 *ko
眗 *ko
跔 *ko
鮈 *ko
痀 *ko
蒟 *koʔ, *kos
絇 *kos, *ɡo
邭 *kos
劬 *ɡo
朐 *ɡo
鼩 *ɡo
斪 *ɡo
翑 *ɡo
葋 *ɡo
姁 *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
欨 *qʰo, *qʰoʔ
喣 *qʰoʔ
煦 *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
昫 *qʰos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo) : phonetic 丩 ‎(OC *kɯw, *krɯw) + semantic 口.

The 丩 component now resembles the unrelated 勹.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 句
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕy⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕy⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕy⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕy²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕy³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕy¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕy¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕy¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕi²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sz̩ʷ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕy⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕy³²⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ki⁵³/
Taoyuan /ki⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /køy³³/
Nanning /ky³³/
Hong Kong /køy³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ku²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuɔ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ky³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ku²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ku³⁵/
Rime
Character 句 句 句 句
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 見 (28) 見 (28) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 虞 (24) 侯 (137) 虞 (24) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Open Closed Open
Division (等) III I III I
Fanqie 其俱切 古侯切 九遇切 古候切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡɨo/ /kəu/ /kɨoH/ /kəuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡio/ /kəu/ /kioH/ /kəuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡio/ /kəu/ /kioH/ /kəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /guə̆/ /kəw/ /kuə̆H/ /kəwH/
Li
Rong		 /ɡio/ /ku/ /kioH/ /kuH/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭu/ /kəu/ /kĭuH/ /kəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯u/ /kə̯u/ /ki̯uH/ /kə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qú gōu jù gòu
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 句 句 句
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gōu gòu jù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kuw › ‹ kuwH › ‹ kjuH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ˤ(r)o/ /*[k]ˤ(r)ok-s/ /*[k](r)o-s/
English curved loan for 彀 draw a bow to the full phrase

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 句 句 句 句
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
No. 7064 7079 7102 7108
Phonetic
component		 句 句 句 句
Rime
group		 侯 侯 侯 侯
Rime
subdivision		 0 0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 鉤 遘 屨 衢
Old
Chinese		 /*koː/ /*koːs/ /*kos/ /*ɡo/
Notes 朱駿聲從丩口聲

Definitions

句

  1. sentence; phrase
  2. Classifier for sentences.
    他一共也沒說幾句話。 [MSC, trad.]
    他一共也没说几句话。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā yīgòng yě méi shuō jǐ jù huà. [Pinyin]
    He didn't say much. [lit. He didn't many sentences.]

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

句

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
句
く
Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 句 ‎(kjuH, “phrase”).

Pronunciation

Noun

句 ‎(hiragana く, romaji ku)

  1. a short section from a longer text:
    1. a phrase or clause
    2. a sentence or line
    3. a passage or paragraph
    4. a verse from a song
    5. a stanza from a poem

Counter

句 ‎(hiragana く, romaji -ku)

  1. counter for stanzas from a poem or for haiku

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

句 • ‎(gu, gwi) (hangeul 구, 귀, revised gu, gwi, McCune-Reischauer ku, kwi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

句 (câu, cú, cấu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999

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